HYPERTHYROIDISM Flashcards
What thyroid disorder can present with symptoms such as:
- sweating
- weight loss
- heat intolerance
- menstrual irregularity
- tachycardia
- tremor
- stare (exophthalmos due to extraocular muscle edema)
Hyperthyroidism
What may present with:
- goiter
- ophthalmopathy
- thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins (activate TSH receptor in thyroid gland)
Grave’s disease
In what is the thyroid acting autonomously, the thyroid gland is producing hormones independent of the normal feedback loop with the pituitary gland?
Primary hyperthyroidism
You may see an increase free thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3) and a low Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in what?
Hyperthyroidism
What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism?
Graves’ disease
What may cause transient hyperthyroidism during the initial phase and may occur post partum? (will eventually be hypothyroid)
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
These can all be possible causes of what?
- High serum HCG levels in first 4 months of pregnancy
- molar pregnancy
- choriocarcinoma
- testicular malignancies
Thyrotoxicosis
These are some common clinical findings associated with what thyroid condition?
- Fever
- Tachycardia
- Diaphoresis/sweating
- tremors
- Disorientation/psychosis
- goiter
- exophthalmos
- hyperreflexia
- pretibial myxedema
Hyperthyroidism
These are all commonly reported symptoms for what condition of the thyroid?
- weight loss despite increased appetite
- dysphagia or dyspnea secondary to goiter
- rash/pruritus/hyperhidrosis
- palpation/chest pain
- diarrhea
- myalgias and weakness
- nervousness/anxiety
- menstrual irregularities
- heat intolerance
- insomnia/fatigue
Hyperthyroidism
What are common findings for a patients thyroid with suspected hyperthyroidism?
- goiter (often with a bruit) in Graves’ disease
2. moderately enlarged, tender thyroid in subacute thyroiditis
What occurs in about 20-40% of patients with Graves’ disease?
Ophthalmopathy (chemosis, conjunctivitis, and mild proptosis)
How may a patient’s skin appear with possible hyperthyroidism?
- moist warm skin
- fine hair
- onycholysis
- dermopathy (myxedema) in 3% of patients with graves’ disease
These are all heart conditions associated with what thyroid disorder?
- palpitations or angina pectoris
- arrhythmias
a. sinus tachycardia
b. premature atrial contractions
c. atrial fibrillation or atrial tachycardia - thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy due to thyrotoxicosis
- heart failure (rare)
Hyperthyroidism
What disorder, rarely seen today, is an extreme form of thyrotoxicosis that may be triggered by stressful illness, thyroid surgery, Radioactive Iodine (RAI) administration; manifested by marked delerium, severe tachycardia, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, and in many cases, very high fever?
Thyroid storm
mortality rate it high
What are some lab findings associated with hyperthyroidism?
- TSH will be low (normal negative feedback response to excess T4/T3)
- T4 sometimes normal but T3 elevated
