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Endocrine Health > Hyperthyroidism > Flashcards

Hyperthyroidism Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 subcategories of hyperthyroidism?

A

Thyrotoxicosis

Thyroiditis

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2
Q

What is Thyrotoxicosis?

A

Increased synthesis of thyroid hormones

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3
Q

What are the key causes of thyrotoxicosis?

A

Graves disease (AI)
Multiodular goitre
Adenoma
Iodine induced

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4
Q

What is Thyroiditis?

A

Increased release of stored hormones due to thyroid damage

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5
Q

What are the main causes of thyroiditis?

A

Viral infections
Autoimmunity
Amiodraone

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6
Q

What does hyperthyroidism do to the metabolic rate?

A

Increases it

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7
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

A 
Goitre
Thinning of hair
Hair loss
Warm, moist skin
Sweating
Heat intolerence
Irritability
Nervousness
Anxiety
Insomnia
Lid retraction
Psycosis
Muscle weakness
Fine motor tremor
Thirst
Diarrhoea
Tachycardia
Palpitations
Shortness of breath
Exertion
Aterial fibulation
Heart failure
Angina
Mesntural irregularities
Graves orbitopathy
Weight loss despite increases appetite
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8
Q

What is Grave’s Disease (GD)?

A

Autoimmune hyperthyroid condition.

  • B+T-lymphocyte-mediated autoimmunty
  • Abnormal IgG (TRAbs) occupt TSH receptors leading to enlargement of the thyroid gland and excess production and secretion of thyroid hormones.
  • TPO antibodies
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9
Q

What is Graves Orbitopathy?

A

Antibody-mediated inflammation of orbital contents. Often asymmetrical. Happens in about 25% of GD. Can present are photophobia (watery eyes) Exophthalmos (eyeball protrusion)

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10
Q

What is Grave’s Dermopathy?

A

Painless rash appears thick and lumpy and orange peel-like on lower legs and tops of feet

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11
Q

What are the causes and risk factors of Hyperthyroidism?

A 
FH
Stress
Inflammation/oxidative stress
Excess iodine intake
Dysbiosis
Food allergy/intolerence
Heavy metals
Smoking (cadmium)
Other AI conditions;
Coeliac
T1DM
Pernicious anaemia
Infections
Vitamins D, selenium, CoQ10 deficiency
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12
Q

On testing, how does hyperthyroidism present?

A

Low TSH, High FT3 and FT4 (sometimes FT4 is normal)

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13
Q

How does GD present on testing?

A

T3:T4 >20
FT3:FT4 >0.3
Presence of TPO antiobodies or TRAbs

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14
Q

What does subclinical hyperthyroidism look like on a test?

A

Low but detectable TSH 0.1-0.4mlU/L.

T3/T4 usually normal

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15
Q

What does Thyroiditis look like on testing?

A

Raised ESR or CRP

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16
Q

What micronutrient deficencies should addressed when supporting hyperthyroidism?

A 
Selenium, Zn, Vit. A, C, D, E
B vitamins
Carnitine
Mg
CoQ10
Glutathione
NAC
17
Q

Supplmentation of Selenium can slow eye disease in GD but what is the dosage?

A

200mcg/day

18
Q

What naturopathic approaches should be taken to support hyperthyroidism?

A

Support nutrient deficincies
Increase antioxants
Avoid iodine
Increase goitrogens
Reduce inflammation and insulin resistance
Suport nervous system by balancing blood sugar and HPA axis
Address gut health
Support thyroid hormone clearance - support suphation
Support gluronidation

19
Q

What other areas can be supported when taking a naturopathic appraoch to hyperthyroidism?

A

Eye health
Increase Metabolism
Weight loss

20
Q

Name 2 supplements and their dosages that can help support hyperhtyroidism

A

Carnitine
2,000-4,000mg/day
Vitamin D
2,000IU/day but test first

21
Q

What supplements/nutritents should be avoided when supplementing Hyperthyroidism?

A

Iodine and tyrosine

22
Q

How can Carnitine be helpful in the support of hyperthyroidism?

A

Can prevent/reverse muscle weakness
Antagonises thyroid hormones
Preevnts thyroid storm

23
Q

How can Vitamin D help support hyperthyroisim?

A

Key role in immunity

Slows disease progression

24
Q

What other natural approaches can support Hyperthyroidism?

A 
Passionflower
Valeria
Ashwagandha
Mg
Theanine
Bugleweed 
Motherwort
Lemonbalm
25
Q

How can Bugleweed support hyperthyroidism?

A

reduces T4

26
Q

How can lemonbalm support hyperthyroidism?

A

blocks thyroid hromone activity

Endocrine Health (7 decks)

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