Hypertension Flashcards
1
Q
What is blood pressure?
A
-Pressure exerted by the circulating blood against the walls of the arteries
2
Q
What four things maintain the blood pressure?
A
- Contraction of the LV
- Resistance of arterioles
- Elasticity of arterial ealls
- Volume/Viscosity of blood
3
Q
What is the equation of blood pressure?
A
BP = CO X Peripheral Resistance
4
Q
What four systems regulate blood pressure?
A
- Cardiovascular system
- Renal System
- Nervous System
- Endocrine System
5
Q
Why may blood pressure be low?
A
- Low stroke volume
- Slow or very fast HR
- Reduced Peripheral Resistance
6
Q
Why may blood pressure be high?
A
-Large stroke volume and increased peripheral resistance
7
Q
What is Hypertension defined as?
A
Systolic BP ≥ 140mmHg
and/or
Diastolic BP ≥ 90mmHg.
8
Q
What can hypertensive heart disease lead to?
A
- LVH
- LV dysfunction
- LV failure
- AF
- Coronart Artery Disease
- Arrhythmias
- Death
9
Q
What are five lifestyle measures to prevent hypertension?
A
- Maintain normal weight
- reduce salt intake
- reduce alcohol intake
- increase fruits/vegetables
- increase exercise
10
Q
What are four pharmacological treatments for hypertension?
A
- ACE inhibitor
- ARB
- Calcium Channel Blockers
- Thiazide-like diuretics
