Hypertension

Question 0

Positive Effects of lowering BP

Answer 0

Great reduction in risk of having a STROKE

Question 1

Stages of Hypertension

Answer 1

Pre-Hypertensive: 121-139mmHg

Stage 1: 140-159mmHg

Stage 2: >/=160mmHg

Question 2

BP Equation

Answer 2

MAP-CVP=COxTPR

Question 3

Renal Set Point

Answer 3

Altered in cases of chronic hypertension; usually causes increased excretion of Na+ in cases of increased BP or CO

Question 4

Renovascualar Hypertension

Answer 4

Detected by an arteriogram

Question 5

Conn’s Syndrome

Answer 5

Hyperaldosteronism

• Renin levels are suppressed; severe hypokalemia
• Confirmed diagnosis w/ nonstimulatable renin levels and nonsupressible aldosterone levels

Question 6

Pheochromocytoma

Answer 6

Increased production of catecholamines in the adrenals; natiuresis is ineffective at reducing the hypertension

*Diagnosis made by measuring urinary catecholamine/metabolite concentrations

Question 7

Causes of Hypertension

Answer 7

*Primary (90%)

Secondary: CRF
Renovascular
Pheochromocytoma
Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Question 8

Malignant Hypertension

Answer 8

A medical emergency characterized by evidence of acute vascular inflammation; normally found on a fundoscope exam

*

Question 9

Evaluation criteria for Secondary Hypertension

Answer 9

1. Early development
2. NO Family history
3. Severe/difficult to control

Question 10

Fibromuscular Dypslasia

Answer 10

A type of renovascular hypertension seen in young, white women; responds well to treatment

Question 11

Evaluation for Hyperaldosteronism

Answer 11

• Usual clue= Hypokalemia
  
  • especially w/ injection of ACE inhibitors

-Use diuretics to stimulate renin production and aldosterone supression

Question 12

Uncomplicated hypertension treatment

Answer 12

Diuretics, Beta-blockers

Question 13

Diabetes treatment

Answer 13

ACE inhibitors

Question 14

MI treatment

Answer 14

Beta-blockers