Hypertension Flashcards
1
Q
Hypertensive Urgency
A
- No evidence of acute target organ damage.
- Treat w/ PO medication w/ short onset of action (~15-30 min)
- Decrease BP gradually over 24-48 hours.
2
Q
Pregnancy and HTN
A
- Boxed Warnings: ACEIs/ARBs
- DOC: Labetalol, Nifedipine XR (1st line)
- Alt: Methyldopa
3
Q
Name the 4 preferred classes for HTN treatment.
A
- ACEIs
- ARBs
- Thiazides
- CCBs
*Do NOT use ACEIs & ARBs together**
4
Q
Natural Products for HTN
A
- Fish oil
- Garlic
- Coenzyme Q10
5
Q
Normal BP
A
SBP <120
DBP <80
6
Q
Elevated BP
A
SBP 120-139
DBP <80
7
Q
Hypertension (BP Range)
A
Stage 1: SBP 130-139 or DBP 80-89
Stage 2: SBP > 140 or DBP >90
8
Q
Hypertensive Crisis
A
BP > 180/120
9
Q
Hypertensive Emergency
A
Patient has acute target organ damage (AKI, ACS, encephalopathy, stroke, MI, etc)
10
Q
HTN Guideline Recommendations
- When to start treatment?
- BP Goal
- Initial Drug Selection
- Monitoring
A
- Start treatment when:
-Stage 2 HTN (SBP >140 or DBP >90)
-Stage 1 HTN (SBP 130-139 or DBP 80-89
~Clinical CVD (MI, PAD, Stroke)
~10 year ASCVD > 10% - BP Goal: < 130/80
- Initial Drug Selection:
-Non-black: ACEIs/ARBs, Thiazides, or CCBs
-Black: Thiazides or CCBs
-CKD (all races): ACEIs/ARBs
-Diabetes w/ albuminuria (all races): ACEIs/ARBs - Monitor BP every month and titrate drug if not at goal
11
Q
Key Drugs that Increase Blood Pressure
A
- Amphetamines & ADHD Drugs
- Cocaine
- Decongestants
- ESAs
- NSAIDs
- Cyclosporine
- Systemic Steroids
12
Q
Other agents that Increase Blood Pressure
A
- Alcohol
- Phentermine
- Caffeine
- Herbals
- Oral Contraceptives
- TNF Inhibitors
- Antipsychotics
13
Q
Name the ACEI/ARB + Diuretics (Brand/Generic)
A
- Lisinopril/HCTZ (Zestoric)
- Olmesartan/HCTZ (Benicar HCT)
- Losartan/HCTZ (Hyzaar)
- Valsartan/HCTZ (Diovan HCT)
14
Q
Name the ACEI/ARB + CCBs (Brand/Generic)
A
- Benazepril/Amlodipine (Lotrel)
2. Valsartan/Amlodipine (Exforge)
15
Q
Name the Beta Blockers + Diuretics (Brand/Generic)
A
- Atenolol/Chlorthalidone (Tenoretic)
2. Bisoprolol/HCTZ (Ziac)
