Hyperlipidemias Flashcards
Explain the MOA of Statins (1)
Inhibition of a specific enzyme that is responsible for Cholesterol Synthesis in the Liver
What are the common side effects of statin
myalgia, incr liver enzymes, fatigue, muscle pain/ weakness
Explain the MOA of Eze-timi-be
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors, work at the brush border of the SI and block a specific transporter from allowing cholesterol enter and be absorbed.
What are the common side effects of Ezetimibe (DJSF)
Diarrhea, Joint pain, Sinusitis, and Fatigue
Explain the MOA of Feno-fibrate
Reduction of Triglycerides
What are the common side effects of Fenofibrate (if you eat fiber you wont have)
Dyspepsia, Gallstones, and myopathy (when combined with statins
Explain the MOA of Bile acid seques-trants (1)
drug binds to bile in the intestines that do not let them be reabsorbed and are instead excreted. The liver has to use cholesterol to create new bile acids, therefore reducing cholesterol in the body.
What are the common side effects of Bile acid sequestrants (BIC)
Bloating, indigestion, and constipation
Explain the MOA of Bile acid sequestrants (2)
Bind bile acids in the intestines, promoting their excretion and reducing circulating cholesterol
PcSK9 function
PCSK9 is a protein that attached to a LDL receptor from the liver and marks the receptor for degradation. When it does that, it reduces the amount of LDL is can remove from the blood stream.
How is PSK9 different from statins in terms of efficacy
Because there is already a receptor responsible for reducing LDL in the body, PCSK9 inhibitors lets that receptor work without safety rails. Which is why PCSK9 inhibitors are prescribed for those with genetic conditions that result in extremely high cholesterol level or conditions
How is PSK9 side effects different from statins ?
since PCSAK9 is a monoclonal antibody it messes with the immune system which is why side effects can include cold like symptoms or infections. Whereas stains inhibit an enzyme from producing cholesterol, that enzyme is also responsible for creating energy for muscles. Reducing of that enzyme cause muscle fatigue and even breakdown, which explains the weakness and pain.
MOA of eze-timi-be
inhibit cholesterol absorption in the SI
Function of bile acids
bile acids are produced in the liver from cholesterol. They are secreted into the intestine to aid in fat absorption then get reabsorbed and return to the liver to reduce production of new bile acids.
MOA of PSCK9 inhibitors
block the PCSK9 from attaching and allow a faster removal of LDLs
