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Diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

List the drugs that belong to Sulfonylureas

A

2nd:Glipizide, Glyburide, and 3rd:Glimepiride

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2
Q

List the drugs that belong to PPAR-γ

A

Pioglitazone (Actos)
Rosiglitazone (Avandia)

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3
Q

List the drugs that belong to Alpha- glucosidase inhibitors

A

Acarbose and Miglitol

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4
Q

List the drugs that belong to Biguanides

A

Metformin

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5
Q

List the drugs that belong to Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors

A

SITA-gliptin
SAXA-gliptin

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6
Q

List the drugs that belong to Glucagon like peptide (GLP)analogs

A

GLP 1 analogs:
EXENA-tide,
LIRAGLU-tide
SEMAGLU-tide (ozempic)

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7
Q

Thia-zo-lidine-diones drug class is the same as

A

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor

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8
Q

MOA of Insulin

A

Insulin binds to insulin receptor on the plasma membrane and activate tyrosine kinase in adipose, liver and SkM

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9
Q

MOA of Sulfonylureas

A

increase insulin sensitivity from pancreatic B cells, stimulate pancreatic insulin release.

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10
Q

MOA of PPAR–γ inhibitors

A

increase insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissue

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11
Q

MOA of Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

A

Delays the absorption of glucose from the intestines

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12
Q

MOA of Biguanides

A

reduce hepatic glucose production and increase insulin sensitivity in muscles,
Reduce bio-synthesis of glucose in the liver.

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13
Q

MOA of Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors

A

increase and prolongs the action of incretin hormones, enhancing insulin secretion and decreasing glucagon secretion

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14
Q

MOA of GLP-1 receptor agonist

A

enhance glucose- dependent insulin secretion and reduce glucagon secretion

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15
Q

Common side effects of Insulin

A

Hypoglycemia

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16
Q

Common side effects of Sulfonylureas

A

Hypoglycemia, wt gain

17
Q

Common side effects of PPAR–γ activators

A

wt gain, fluid retention and risk of Fx

18
Q

Common side effects of Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

A

flatulence, diarrhea, stomach pain

19
Q

Common side effects of Biguanides

A

Upset stomach, lactic acidiosis (rare)

20
Q

Common side effects of Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors

A

Upper respiratory tract infection, headache and pancreatitis (rare)

21
Q

Common side effects of glucagon like peptide analogs

A

Nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, and risk of pancreatitis.

22
Q

MOA of Alpha glucoside inhibitors

A

inhibit Alpha glucosidase which converts dietary starch and complex cards into simple sugars

23
Q

Main differences btwn DM I vs DM II

A

etiology, age range,

24
Q

Oral anti-diabetic drugs (STABMM)

A

Sulfonylureas, Thiazolidinediones, Acarbose, Biguanides, Meglitinide, and Miglitol

25
Q

Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia

A

sweating, dizziness, confusion, tachycardia, and tremors.

26
Q

How does anti-diabetic meds influence pt response to PT/ exercise

A

exercise may lower blood sugar.

27
Q

What steps would you take if a pt is experiencing a hypoglycemia episode

Pharm (6 decks)

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