Hyperlipidemia

Question 1

niacin (nicotinic acid)

Answer 1

tx: hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholestolemia
most effective at increasing HDL
moderately lowers LDL

Question 2

Niaspan

Answer 2

extended release niacin

tx: hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholestolemia

Question 3

gemfibrozil

Answer 3

Tx: hypertriglyceridemia
Fibric acid derivatives/fibrates
most effective at reducing VLDL
minimal effects on LDL and HDL

Question 4

colesevelam

Answer 4

bile acid binding resins

prevent bile acid re-absorption –> force liver to use cholesterol to make more bile acids

best tolerated

Question 5

atorvastatin

Answer 5

lipitor
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

high efficacy

inhibit the synthesis of cholesterol –> results in increase uptake of cholesterol

Question 6

fluvastatin

Answer 6

a

Question 7

lovastatin

Answer 7

low efficacy

Question 8

pravastatin

Answer 8

low efficacy

Question 9

pitivastatin

Answer 9

medium efficacy

Question 10

rosuvastatin

Answer 10

high efficacy

Question 11

simvastatin

Answer 11

medium efficacy

Question 12

ezetimibe (Zetia)

Answer 12

inhibits protein on brush border of GI that promotes absorption of cholesterol

Question 13

Vytorin

Answer 13

simvastatin + ezetimibe

ENHANCE Study

Question 14

alirocumab (Praluent)

Answer 14

PCSK9 inhibitor –> promotes recycling of LDL receptors

monoclonal antibody