Heart failure Flashcards
digoxin
CHF
digitalis glycoside
increase CO –> increase myocardial contractility
bind to K+ site of Na/K ATPase
digitoxin
CHF
digitalis glycoside
increase CO –> increase myocardial contractility
bind to K+ site of Na/K ATPase
digitalis antibodies
digitalis glycosides antedote
captopril
ACE inhibitor
1st line for CHF (with diuretic)
reduce symptoms and mortality
Reduce afterload and blood vol = preload
enalopril
ACE inhibitor
1st line for CHF (with diuretic)
reduce symptoms and mortality
Reduce afterload and blood vol = preload
ramipril
ACE inhibitor
1st line for CHF (with diuretic)
reduce symptoms and mortality
Reduce afterload and blood vol = preload
valsartan
ARB (angiotensin receptor blocker)
used when ACE inhibitors are poorly tolerated
reduce symptoms and mortality
candesartan
ARB (angiotensin receptor blocker)
used when ACE inhibitors are poorly tolerated
reduce symptoms and mortality
spronolactone
aldosterone antagonist
potassium sparing diuretic
other sites = heart and lungs
reduce preload, edema
(1st line agents)
eplerenone
aldosterone antagonist
potassium sparing diuretic
other sites = heart and lungs
(1st line agents)
chlorthalidone
thiazide diuretic
mild failure
Combo w/ ACE inhibitor –> offsets hypokalemia
1st line agent
furosemide
loop diuretic
more severe cases
Combo w/ ACE inhibitor –> offsets hypokalemia
1st line agent
hydralazine
arterial dilator
decrease afterload
tx: fatigue
isosorbide dinitrate
venous dilator/nitrate
decrease preload
tx: pulmonary edema
carvedilol
beta blocker with alpha 1 antagonist effects (vasodilation)
reduce mortality
bispropolol
cardioselective beta blocker
reduce mortality
metoprolol
cardioselective beta blocker
reduce mortality
milrinone
PDE3 inhibitor –> accumulation of cAMP
increase ionotropic effects = increase CO
tx cardiogenic shock (acute HF)
dobutamine
apha 1 agonist
increase CO
atropine
muscarinic antagonist
blocks effects of PSNS –> increases CO
