Hyperlipidemia Flashcards
Drugs most effective at lowering LDL cholesterol
statins, resins, ezetimibe, niacin
Inhibits HMG-CoA Reductase
Statins
MOA of Simvastatin
reversible competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase
Drugs most effective at lowering TG and VLDL and raising HDL
niacin, rates
MOA of statins
reversible competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase
Why are statins used in CAD?
for stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques
MOA of Cholestyramine
binds bile acids
Bile-acid binding resins
Cholestyramine, Colesevelam, colestipol
SE of Resins
Constipation, Bloating, Gritty taste, malabsorption (vit K and folate)
MOA of Ezetimibe
selective inhibitor of NOC1L1 tansporter, decreasing intestinal absorption of cholesterol and other phytosterols
Cholesterol analog
Sitosterol - decrease interstinal absorption of cholesterol and other phytosterols
MOA of Niacin
decreases VLDL synthesis and LDL cholesterol concentrations, increases HDL cholesterol
SE of Niacin
Flushing, pruritus, rashes, acanthosis nigricans, etc…Pre-treat with Aspirin to reduce flushing
MOA of Gemfibrozil
Activates PPAR-alpha proteins and increases expression of lipoprotein lipase and apoA-I, apoA-II, lowers TGs, Increases HDL
Ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha protein
Fibrates
MOA of Gemfibrozil
Activates PPAR-alpha proteins and increases expression of lipoprotein lipase and apoA-I, apoA-II, lowers TGs, Increases HDL
Fibrates examples
Gemfibrozil, fenofibrate, bezafibrate
SE of Statin + Fibrate
Increased risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis
DOC for hypertriglyceridemia
Fibrates
SE of Statin + Fibrate
Increased risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis
DOC for High LDL
statins
DOC for low HDL
Niacin
DOC for High LDL
statins
Potentiates effects of antihypertensives (vasodilators, ganglion blockers)
Niacin
Reduces hormone-sensitive lipase activity in adipose tissues
Niacin
Also used in digitalis toxicity
cholestyramine
avoid in patients with diverticulitis
cholestyramine
