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Pharmacology 2 > Diuretics > Flashcards

Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

Major site of NaCl and NaHCO3 reabsorption (60-70%)

A

PCT

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2
Q

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

A

Acetazolamide, dorzolamide, brinzolamode, dichlorphenamide, methazolamide

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3
Q

Used in mountain sickness

A

Acetazolamide

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4
Q

Loop diuretics

A

Furosemide, bumetanide, torsemide, ethacryonic acid

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5
Q

MOA of loop diuretics

A

Inhibit Na/K/2Cl transporter in thick ascending loop of Henle

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6
Q

Loop diuretics toxicities

A 
OH DANG
Ototoxicity
Hypokalemia
Dehydration
Allergy to sulfa
Nephritis
Gout
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7
Q

Thiazide diuretics

A

Hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, indapamide, metolazone

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8
Q

MOA of thiazides

A

Inhibit Na/Cl teansporter in DCT

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9
Q

SE of Thiazide diuretics

A

HYPER GLUC

Hyper - glycemia, lipidemia, uremia, calcemia

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10
Q

Potassium-sparing diuretics

A 
STAE
Spironolactone
Triamterene
Amiloride
Eplerenone
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11
Q

Site of action of spironolactone

A

Cortical collecting ducts

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12
Q

MOA of spironolactone

A

Steroid inhibitor of cytoplasmic aldosterone receptor in cortical collecting ducts
Reduce K excretion

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13
Q

MOA of Amiloride and Triamterene

A

Inhibit ENaC (epithelial sodium channels) in cortical collecting ducts, reduces Na reabsorption and K excretion

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14
Q

Spironolactone uses

A

Hyperaldosteronism
Hypertension
Heart failure
Hypokalemia

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15
Q

SE of spironolactone

A 
Hyperkalemia
Gynecomastia
Impotence
BPH
Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
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16
Q

Drugs that can cause gynecomastia

A 
Some Drugs Create Awesome Knockers
Spironolactone 
Digoxin
Cimetidine 
Alcohol 
Ketoconazole
17
Q

Osmotic diuretics

A

Mannitol
Glycerin
Isosorbide
Urea

18
Q

Uses of mannitol

A

Rhabdomyolysis
Hemolysis
Increased ICP
Acute glaucoma

19
Q

ADH agonists

A

Desmopressin

20
Q

ADH antagonists

A 
Conivaptan
Tolvaptan
Lixivaptan
Demeclocycline
Lithium
21
Q

Drug for central diabetes insipidus

A

Desmopressin

22
Q

Drugs for SIADH, hyponatremia?

A

Conivaptan (ADH antagonists)

23
Q

Diuretics that cause acidosis? Alkalosis?

A

Acetazolamide and spironolactone- acidosis

Furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide - alkalosis

24
Q

Site of action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

A

PCT

Pharmacology 2 (9 decks)

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