Hyperglycemia Flashcards
1
Q
Symptoms
A
- Blurred vision
- Weight loss
- Polyuria: large passage of urine
- Polydipsia: XS thirst/drinking
2
Q
Consequences
A
Microvascular: • Retinopathy • Nephropathy • Neuropathy Macrovascular: • Stroke • MI • PVD
3
Q
Diagnostic criteria for diabetes
A
- Diagnostic glucose levels after fasting =7.0mmol/l.
- Diagnostic glucose random> 11mmol/l
- HbA1c>48mmol/l
- Oral glucose tolerance test: 2hours after 75g of CHO has been ingested>11.1 mmol/l
4
Q
Diagnostic criteria for intermediate hyperglycaemia
A
- Inpaired fasting of glucose 6.1-7mmol/l
- Impaired fasting of glucose 2 hours after glucose >7.8 but less than 11.1mmol/l
- HbA1c between 42-47mmol/mol
Identifies patients with a higher risk of developing diabetes and adverse outcomes such as CVS
5
Q
What does the diabetes criteria indicate
A
Identifies patients with a higher risk of mortality and increased risk of microvascular disease
6
Q
What does hyperglycaemia criteria indicate
A
Identifies patients with a higher risk of developing diabetes and adverse outcomes such as CVS
7
Q
What is the standard for confirming diabetes
A
To confirm diagnosis of diabetes
- 1 GLUCOSE diagnostic lab + symptoms
- 2 GLUCOSE diagnostic lab or 1 Hb1Ac
8
Q
What is Hb1AC
A
Glycated haemoglobin= haemoglobin +glucose
Gives an indication of glucose blood levels of the past 8-12 weeks
9
Q
Who can Hb1AC not be performed in
A
- Children
- Pregnant women ( or if they have given birth within the past 2 months)
- People who have pancreatic damage
- People who have renal damage
- People with HIV
- Patients who take medications which cause rapid glucose rise such as corticosteroids. (If they have been taking these for a long time then it is ok)
- Patients who seem to have a hyperglycemic attack but <48mmol/mol it is not diagnostic
- Patients who are at high risk of developing diabetes but are acutely ill
