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Massage > Hydrotherapy > Flashcards

Hydrotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

The use of water in any of its 3 forms - solid, liquid, or vapor - internally or externally, in the treatment of disease or trauma

A

Hydrotherapy

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2
Q

The healthy human body maintains a normal uniform physiological stability within and among its parts

A

Homeostasis

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3
Q

The environment of the body is changed by the means of water at varying temperatures and applied by ____

A

Various mechanical means

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4
Q

____ are in direct proportion to the extent of the environmental changes.

A

Physiological responses

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5
Q

3 ways of heat transfer:

A
  1. Conduction
  2. Convection
  3. Conversion
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6
Q

Why is water a valuable therapeutic agent - 4

A
  1. It is readily accessible
  2. It may be applied with simple and inexpensive equipment
  3. It absorbs and communicates large quantities of heat
  4. It is a good conductor of heat
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7
Q

Describe specific heat of water

A

Water requires 1 calorie of heat to increase the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius

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8
Q

Water temperature 32-56 degrees Fahrenheit is ___

A

Very cold

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9
Q

Application of water at temperatures above or below that of the body. The greater the variation above or below the body temperature, the greater the physiological effect produced.

A

Thermal effects of water

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10
Q

Impact of water upon the skin surface in the form of whirlpools, sprays, douches, and frictions

A

Mechanical effects of water

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11
Q

Produced when it is taken by mouth or when it is used as an irritation of some body cavity.

A

Chemical effects

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12
Q

The conductive ___ of hydrotherapy does not penetrate deeply beneath the skin surface. Confined largely to the skin and subcutaneous tissues.

A

Heat

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13
Q

Local effects of heat - 7

A
  1. Increased circulation/ vasodilation
  2. Increased oxygen content of the blood
  3. Increased local tissue metabolism
  4. Increased migration of leukocytes through vessel walls in local heated areas
  5. Decreased muscle tone (muscle relaxes)
  6. Increased local sweating by moist heat
  7. Increased local analgesic by most heat
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14
Q

___ penetrates deeply into the tissues from the surface. For acute problems.

A

Cold

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15
Q

Local effects of cold - 9

A
  1. Vasoconstriction
  2. Slowing of local circulation
  3. Decreased leukocyte migration through capillary walls
  4. Decreased tissue metabolism
  5. Local analgesic or anesthetic effect (numbing)
  6. Reduced local edema
  7. Decreased inflammation
  8. Promotes healing
  9. Muscle response slowed
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16
Q

What effect does heat and cold treatment have in common

A

Pain relief

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17
Q

Heat is generated in a substance by the passage through it of some form of energy

A

Conversion

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18
Q

Short hot application lasts

A

Less than 5 mins - stimulates

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19
Q

Long hot application lasts

A

More than 5 minutes - depresses

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20
Q

Short cold application lasts

A

Less than 1 minute - stimulates

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21
Q

Long cold application lasts

A

More than 1 minute - depresses

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22
Q

The two most labor intensive, yet readily accessible hydrotherapy treatments

A

Formentation and cold compression

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23
Q

A local application of moist heat to the body surface. A cloth (wool and cotton) is repeatedly (dipped) soaked in hot water, then wrung out and applied to the body.

A

Formentation

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24
Q

A cloth wrung form cold or ice water, which is continually reapplied to body part.

A

Cold compression

25
Q

Rule of hydrotherapy:

what temperature should not be used

A

Temperatures higher than 110F

26
Q

Peripheral vascular disease meaning

A

Poor circulation

27
Q

Slow progressive disease of the arteries, in which fatty deposits partially clog or totally block the blood flow. (Hardening of the arteries)

A

Arteriosclerosis

28
Q

Blood-filled saclike dilation of the walls of an artery

A

Aneurysm

29
Q

Formation of a blood clot in a blood vessel

A

Thrombosis

30
Q

Inflammation of the vessel wall of a vein

A

Phlebitis

31
Q

Stretching of vein walls due to weak or impaired blood flow

A

Varicose vein

32
Q

Inflammation of the vein accompanied by clotting

A

Thrombophlebitis

33
Q

Inflammation of knee coat of blood vessel, with clot formation (chronic).

A

Thromboangiitis obliterans

34
Q

Disorder or carbohydrate metabolism. Characterized by elevated blood sugar, and weakened muscle tissues

A

Diabetes Mellitus

35
Q

Increased sensitivity to sensory stimuli, such as pain or touch

A

Hyperesthesia

36
Q

Spasm of arterioles, usually in the digits, with intermittent pallor or cyanosis of the skin

A

Raynaud’s phenomenon and disease

37
Q

How long is ice massage application

A

Short 5 mins for acute pain

38
Q

Most appropriate for small areas of painful muscle guarding and for acute injuries to decrease pain, edema, and hemorrhage.

A

Ice massage

39
Q

The immersion of a body party alternately in hot and cold water

A

Contrast baths

40
Q

Effects of contrast baths - 3

A
  1. Alternate contraction and dilation of blood vessels (vascular exercise)
  2. Marked increase of blood flow locally and reflexly. Derivative effect.
  3. Increased local metabolism
41
Q

Water uses this heat transfer

A

Conduction

42
Q

Greater above or below 98.6F

A

Thermal effect - physiological change

43
Q

T OR F

Water is a conductor

A

True

44
Q

T OR F

Water is 1 k cal

A

True

45
Q

T OR F
Cold is used for spasm, pain
10-20 min swelling

A

True

46
Q

Paraffin bath contraindications

A

Peripheral vascular disease, wounds, sores, etc.

47
Q

What are the 4 signs of inflammation

A
  1. Heat
  2. Redness
  3. Swelling
  4. Pain
48
Q

The most labor intensive cold treatment

A

Cold compress

49
Q

Short 5 min application indicated for acute pain

A

Ice massage

50
Q

How does heat penetrate

A

Locally/ vasodilation

51
Q

T OR F

Always begin and end with hot during contrast bath

A

True

52
Q

Contrast bath indicated for

A

Edema and congested headache

53
Q

What should be done before a contrast bath

A

Have the client use the bathroom and look for wounds on the client

54
Q

Hot and cold short treatments

A

Stimulating

55
Q

Hot and cold long treatments

A

Depressing

56
Q

Most labor intensive heat treatment

A

Formentation

57
Q

Alternate contraction of dilation and blood vessels

A

Contrast baths

58
Q

3 physiological effects of hydrotherapy

A
  1. Thermal
  2. Mechanical
  3. Chemical

Massage (12 decks)

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