Hydrophilic x Hydrophobic

Question 1

Cholesterol is the starting substrate for all hydro_____ hormones

Answer 1

PHOBIC. What is the starting substrate for, Aldesterone, Testosterone, Progesterone, and cortisol?

Question 2

What is the second substrate of Testosterone?

Answer 2

Progesterone is the second substrate of _______

Question 3

Hydrophobic receptors are ___cellular

Answer 3

Intracellular receptors respond to hydro______ hormones

Question 4

Lipid-soluble, water-insoluble means

Answer 4

Hydrophobic means

Question 5

Water-soluble, lipid-insoluble means

Answer 5

Hydrophilic means

Question 6

Most steroid hormones end in _______

Answer 6

-one, and -ol, are common endings for ______

Question 7

What are 3 common catecholamines?

Answer 7

Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, and Dopamine are all _______

Question 8

What are 2 common indolamines?

Answer 8

Melatonin and serotonin are both ________

Question 9

What are two common types of monoamines?

Answer 9

Catecholamines and Indolamines are both ______

Question 10

Which of the following are NOT secreted by the adrenal glands? Monoamines, peptides, steroids?

Answer 10

Peptides are not secreted by what glands, unlike monamines and steroids?

Question 11

Monoamines are derived from ________

Answer 11

Single amino-acids are the precursors to ________

Question 12

Peptides are derived from ________

Answer 12

CHAINS of amino-acids are the precursors to ________

Question 13

OT, ADH, releasing and inhibiting hormones, and anterior pituitary hormones are all ________

Answer 13

Peptides include these 1, 2, 3 and 4

Question 14

Peptides and glycoproteins are secreted by _______

Answer 14

The pituitary and the hypothalamus are know to secrete ________

Question 15

Tyrosine is an _______ and produces _______

Answer 15

The monoamines, Dopamine, Epinephrine and Norepinephrine are all derived from the amino acid _______

Question 16

Monoamines and peptides are hydro_______

Answer 16

What are the two classes of hormones that are hydrophilic?

Question 17

Which gland secretes melatonin?

Answer 17

The pineal body is responsible for the secretion of ______

Question 18

Hydrophilic hormones target ______ on the _______ of the cell

Answer 18

Membrane bound receptors on the outside of the cell are targeted by hydro_____ hormones

Question 19

How do cholesterol derived hormones get into the cell?

Answer 19

Simple diffusion is the method in which ______ hormones get into the cell.

Question 20

T. What is specificity in terms of hormones?

Answer 20

T/F Hormones can only act on cells that have receptors for the hormones

Question 21

T. What is saturation in terms of hormones?

Answer 21

T/F A cell can only activate as many hormones as it has receptors for. It can’t activate 30 if it only has 10, regardless of # of present hormones.

Question 22

Hydrophilic hormones are (un)bound in the blood but (un)bound in the cell

Answer 22

hydro______ hormones are free in the blood but bound in the cell

Question 23

Hydro______ hormones use second messenger activation

Answer 23

second_________ _________ is used by hydrophilic hormones

Question 24

Hydro___ hormones are bound to transport proteins

Answer 24

________ _______ are bound to hydrophobic hormones

Question 25

Regarding speed, what is the order for hormones, starting with fastest. Hydrophilic, Paracrine, Hydrophobic.

Answer 25

Paracrine, Hydrophilic, Hydrophobic is the order for hormones regarding speed starting with the fastest or slowest?

Question 26

Neurons effects are _______ and _________

Answer 26

Applied quickly and end shortly are the effects of ________

Question 27

Hydrophilic hormones effects are _______ and _________

Answer 27

Applied quickly and last long are the effects of ________

Question 28

Hydrophobic hormones effects are _______ and _________

Answer 28

Applied slowly and last long are the effects of ________

Question 29

Hydro_____ hormones alter gene expression

Answer 29

Hydrophobic hormones alter _________

Question 30

Hydro____ hormones produce new proteins

Answer 30

Hydrophobic hormones do what to proteins?

Question 31

Hydro____ hormones have an effect on existing proteins that are already in the cell

Answer 31

Hydrophilic hormones do what to proteins?

Question 32

The cell bodies of the neuroendocrine cells that secrete into the portal system are found in the _______

Answer 32

The hypothalamus is where the cell bodies of the neuroendocrine cells that secrete into the ________ _______ are found

Question 33

T/F Releasing hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and result in the secretion of other hormones.

Answer 33

False

Question 34

Insulin helps in the process of ________

Answer 34

Glycogenesis is aided by the hormone _______

Question 35

Glucagon helps in the process of _________

Answer 35

Gluconeogenesis is aided by the hormone _______

Question 36

Melatonin helps regulate _________ and _________ rhythms

Answer 36

What helps regulate circadian and circannual rhythms?

Question 37

What hormone helps activate mature white blood cells (T-lymphocytes)?

Answer 37

Thymosin from the Thymus helps activate _______

Question 38

What are the secondary sex characteristics of males and what hormone contributes to them?

Answer 38

body hair, muscle mass, and bone mass are ______ ______ _____ of males. Testosterone contributes to them.

Question 39

What are the secondary sex characteristics of females and what hormone contributes to them?

Answer 39

menstrual cycle, hips, breasts are ______ ______ _____ of females. Estrogen contributes to them.

Question 40

Progesterone is important during _______

Answer 40

During pregnancy ________ is an important hormone

Question 41

In which type of diabetes is insulin present but not effective?

Answer 41

In type two diabetes, insulin is _________

Question 42

In which type of diabetes is insulin not produced

Answer 42

In type one diabetes, insulin is _________

Question 43

The direct cause of Cushing's disease is _______

Answer 43

Hypersecretion of cortisol is the direct cause of ________

Question 44

The underlying cause of Cushing's disease can be ________ or _________

Answer 44

Excess ACTH or steroid medications can be the underlying cause for ________

Question 45

Congenital Hypothyroidism is also called __________

Answer 45

Cretinism is also called ___________

Question 46

Cretinism is a disease that affects ________

Answer 46

Babies in the womb can be affected by _________ if there is lack of iodine in maternal diet

Question 47

Hyposecretion of thyroid hormone due to underdevelopment of thyroid gland defines the disease

Answer 47

Cretinism is defined by _____________

Question 48

Middle aged women with a history of autoimmune disorders are the three risk factors for _________

Answer 48

What are the three risk factors of grave's disease?

Question 49

Tweaker crack head (crazy skinny, bug eyes, anxiety, tachycardia, munchies) are the symptoms of________

Answer 49

The symptoms of grave's disease due to hypersecretion of t3 and t4 are ________

Question 50

The opposite of graves disease is ________

Answer 50

Goiter is the opposite of _____________

Question 51

Middle aged female smokers who dont season their food are the three risk factors for ________

Answer 51

What are the three risk factors for goiter?

Question 52

What is the direct cause of goiter?

Answer 52

Lack of iodine needed to make T3 and T4 results in ______

Question 53

What is the underlying cause of goiter?

Answer 53

The hypothalamus sending too much TRH to the anterior pituitary, and the anterior pituitary sending too much TSH to the Thyroid is the underlying cause of _______

Question 54

Prominent jaw, thick facial features, large hands and feet, delayed puberty are all symptoms of __________

Answer 54

Symptoms of gigantism (in children), acromegaly (in adults) are _________

Question 55

The target tissue of calcitonin is _______

Answer 55

Bone is the target tissue of _________

Question 56

The target tissue of PTH is _______

Answer 56

The kidneys, intestines, and bone are the target tissues of __________

Question 57

vital for life, only produces steroid hormones (Mineralocorticoids, Glucocorticoids) describes the _______

Answer 57

adrenal cortex

Question 58

not vital for life, produces epinephrine and NE

Answer 58

adrenal medulla

Question 59

Hormones are of the adrenal glands are referred to as _____glycemic

Answer 59

Hyperglycemic hormones include the hormones of the adrenal _________

Question 60

Which adrenal hormones are not hyperglycemic hormones?

Answer 60

mineralocorticoids/aldosterone are the only adrenal glands that are not ______

Question 61

Glucocorticoids (Cortisol and Cortisone) deal with _____ term stress

Answer 61

long term stress is dealt with by the ___________ cortisol and cortisone

Question 62

epinephrine and norepinephrine deal with _______ term stress

Answer 62

short term stress is dealt with by the ___________ epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 63

What happens when you have angiotensin without aldosterone?

Answer 63

Vasoconstriction will take place but with urine out put, blood pressure will return to previous levels in the presence of ________ without ________

Question 64

______ secretes ________ which promotes Na+ uptake by kidneys

Answer 64

Adrenal cortex secretes aldosterone which _______