Hematology

Question 1

Blood can be divided into _________ and _________

Answer 1

Plasma and plasma components make up the ______

Question 2

Plasma is primarily _______

Answer 2

water is the primary substance in ________

Question 3

The major category of proteins within the plasma is ________

Answer 3

Albumins are the major category of proteins within the _______

Question 4

What do albumins do?

Answer 4

______ give blood its osmolarity and influences the flow of blood

Question 5

Where are albumins made?

Answer 5

The liver is where _____ are made

Question 6

Where are most transport proteins made?

Answer 6

The liver makes most ________

Question 7

what is an iron binding protein?

Answer 7

hemoglobin is an iron ____ protein

Question 8

what does the suffix -ogen mean?

Answer 8

_____ is the suffix for something that is inactive

Question 9

Aminoacids and nitrogenous wastes are two forms of

Answer 9

nitrogenous compounds include ______ and _______

Question 10

uria, creatinine and uric acid are all ________

Answer 10

three forms of nitrogenous wastes are _______

Question 11

The breakdown (remaining) products of amino acids

Answer 11

uria is the ___________

Question 12

When cells are broken down, the remaining DNA waste products make up

Answer 12

uric acid

Question 13

two broken down creatine molecules put together

Answer 13

creatinine

Question 14

What is the raw material used for Aerobic respiration in the body?

Answer 14

glucose

Question 15

What primarily does hemostasis?

Answer 15

Platelets aide in blood clotting to prevent blood loss

Question 16

Where are blood cells made?

Answer 16

In the marrow of the bone

Question 17

erythrocyte means ________ while hemocyctoblasts refers to ________

Answer 17

Red blood cells are called ________ while stem cells are called ______

Question 18

EPO is a hormone produced by the ______ that gives rise to _________

Answer 18

______ is a hormone produced by the kidneys that gives rise to red blood cells

Question 19

how do erythrocytes reduce size?

Answer 19

By losing their nuclei _______ reduce size

Question 20

The stimulus for erythropoiesis is ______

Answer 20

low levels of oxygen is the stimulus for _______

Question 21

What are the five main functions of blood?

Answer 21

Respiration, Transportation, Thermoregulation, Defense, and Hemostasis

Question 22

Hormones secreted by mature white blood cells that signal red bone marrow to produce more white blood cells

Answer 22

colony stimulating factors

Question 23

T/F white blood cells typically remain in the blood stream.

Answer 23

False! most white blood cells typically leave the blood stream

Question 24

what type of white blood cells leave the blood stream in 8 hours and live 5 days after that?

Answer 24

Granulocytes leave the blood stream in 8 hours and live 5 days after that

Question 25

what type of white blood cells leave the blood stream in 20 hours, turn into macrophages and live for several years after that?

Answer 25

monocytes leave the blood stream in ______, turn into ________ and live for several ______ after that

Question 26

What are white blood cells that provide long term immunity and can last decades?

Answer 26

B and T lymphocytes provide _____ and can last _______

Question 27

What are the three granulocytes?

Answer 27

Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and Basophils make up the three categories of ______

Question 28

When someone has strep throat (a bacterial infection), it can be expected that the amount of ________ will increase

Answer 28

When someone has ______, it can be expected that the amount of neutrophils will increase

Question 29

What are the functions of neutrophils?

Answer 29

1. Phagocytosis of bacteria | 2. Release of antimicrobial chemicals

Question 30

When someone has a tapeworm (a parasitic infection), it can be expected that the amount of ________ will increase

Answer 30

When someone has ______, it can be expected that the amount of eosinophils will increase

Question 31

When someone has an allergic reaction, it can be expected that the amount of ________ will increase

Answer 31

When someone has ______, it can be expected that the amount of eosinophils will increase

Question 32

What are the functions of eosinophils?

Answer 32

1. phagocytosis of antigen-antibody complexes and allergens | 2. Release of enzymes that destroy parasites

Question 33

Do fetal blood cells carry a different type of hemoglobin than adult cells? With a greater affinity for oxygen

Answer 33

Yes

Question 34

Fetal hemoglobin allow the baby to absorb ______ from the mother through the ______

Answer 34

__________ allow the baby to ______ oxygen from the mother through the placenta

Question 35

There are _____ different blood groups and within groups, blood types are based off ______

Answer 35

1. 35 | 2. Antigens

Question 36

during pregnancy ______ and ______ appear on the surface of each blood cell, these are called. _____

Answer 36

during ______ proteins and sugars appear on the _______ of each blood cell, these are called antigens

Question 37

the O allele, codes for a protein that is _______; it m akes no ________.

Answer 37

_______, codes for a _____ that is not functional; it makes no surface molecules at all.

Question 38

Donor: A+, A-, O+, O-

Answer 38

Recipient: A+

Question 39

Donor: A-, O-

Answer 39

Recipient: A-

Question 40

The globulins form the ______ major class of plasma ______

Answer 40

________ form the second major class of plasma proteins

Question 41

Globulins include ________ and some plasma _______ proteins

Answer 41

________ include antibodies and some plasma transport proteins

Question 42

Clotting factors are the _______ class of plasma ______

Answer 42

The third class of plasma proteins are clotting factors

Question 43

What is the most abundant clotting factor protein? What is it converted into?

Answer 43

Fibrinogen is the most abundant clotting factor protein which is converted into fibrin

Question 44

Fibrinogen is converted into ________ in response to ________

Answer 44

Fibrinogen is converting into fibrin in response to blood loss

Question 45

All plasma proteins are made by the ______ except _______ which is made by ______

Answer 45

All ________ are made by the liver except antibodies which is made by B- lymphocytes

Question 46

Embryonically, the hemopoietic tissues include the _____ as well as the ______, ______ and ______.

Answer 46

The red bone marrow, the liver, the spleen, and the thymus are all hemopoietic tissues in ______

Question 47

what are three hormones that affect blood cell production?

Answer 47

EPO, thrombopoietin or colony-stimulating factors

Question 48

The production of erythrocytes requires iron, folic acid and vitamin B12, and vitamin C

Answer 48

true

Question 49

The enzyme that catalyzes the production of carbonic acid is

Answer 49

carbonic anhydrase

Question 50

T/F Hemoglobin is found in the plasma portion of blood

Answer 50

False

Question 51

Which of the following is the atom that enables hemoglobin to bind to oxygen is: a. calcium b. globin c. heme d. iron e. sodium

Answer 51

Iron is the atom that enables hemoglobin to bind to oxygen

Question 52

Platelets respond to _______ released by damaged endothelial cells and release ______, which is a potent _______

Answer 52

__________ respond to endothilin released by ________ and release serotonin , which is a potent vasoconstrictor