Hydrocele

Question 1

Define hydrocoele

Answer 1

Excessive collection of serous fluid within the tunica vaginalis

Question 2

Aetiology of hydrocoele

7

Answer 2

Congenital 
Idiopathic
Tumour
Infection
Trauma
Underlying testicular torsion
Testicular appendage

Question 3

Risk factors/associations of hydrocoele

3

Answer 3

Indirect inguinal hernias in children
Epididymo-orchitis
Filariasis (in countries of high prevalence)

Question 4

Epidemiology of hydrocoele

age x2

Answer 4

VERY COMMON in children in 1st year of life

Common in older men

Question 5

Presenting symptoms of hydrocoele

3

Answer 5

Scrotal swelling
Usually ASYMPTOMATIC
Patients may complain of pain or urinary symptoms due to underlying cause

Question 6

Signs of hydrocoele on physical examination

4

Answer 6

Scrotal swelling
Possible to get above swelling
Transilluminates
Difficult to separate swelling from the testicle

Question 7

Investigations for hydrocoele

3

Answer 7

US
Urine
Blood

Question 8

Investigations for hydrocoele - US

Answer 8

Exclude tumour

Question 9

Investigations for hydrocoele - urine

2

Answer 9

Dipstick

MSU

Question 10

Investigations for hydrocoele - bloods

3

Answer 10

(markers of testicular tumours)
α-fetoprotein
β-HCG
Lactate dehydrogenase