Hydraulics

Question 1

Liquids are virtually [ ]. Which means?

Answer 1

Incompressible - you can’t squash them, their volume and density stay the same

Question 2

As liquids are Incompressible and can flow, what happens when you apply a force to the liquid?

Answer 2

A force applied to one point in the liquid will be transmitted to other points in the liquid.

Question 3

Pressure in a liquid is transmitted [ ] in [ ]

Answer 3

equally

all directions

Question 4

What is the formula for pressure? Units?

Answer 4

Pressure (pascals, Pa) = Force (newtons, N) / Cross-sectional Area (metres², m²)
P = F/A

Question 5

The pressure in liquids can be used in [ ]

Answer 5

hydraulic systems

Question 6

What can hydraulic systems be used for?

Answer 6

Force multipliers - they use a small force to produce a bigger force

Question 7

Describe a hydraulic system

Answer 7

The system has 2 pistons, one with a smaller cross-sectional area than the other. pressure is transmitted equally through a liquid - so the pressure at both pistons is the same

Question 8

How do hydraulic systems work?

Answer 8

P = F/A so at the 1st piston, a pressure is exerted on the liquid using a small force over a small area. This pressure is transmitted to the 2nd piston.
The 2nd piston has a larger area, and s as F = PA there will be a larger force

Question 9

What are hydraulic systems used in?

Answer 9

Car braking systems, Hydraulic car jacks, Manufacturing and deployment of landing gear on some aircraft