HVII finance and domestic policies Flashcards
What were Henry’s main financial aims?
Achieve solvency by increasing royal income, decreasing expenditure and restoring the crowns finances and strength
4 ways Henry could use wealth
- reward local service
- bribe postnatal opponents
- fund armies
- consolidate the dynasty (resources for heir to fight and retain throne)
What was ordinary revenue?
Regular income on which the crown could rely to finance the costs of monarchy
Crown lands were inherited from who?
Earldoms of Richmond, March and Warwick, Dutch of Lancaster and Principality of Wales.
What did the crown lands increase from 1485 to 1509?
From £29,000 in 1985 to £42,000 in 1509
What provided a third of the crown’s ordinary revenue?
Customs duties
What did the annual customers duties rose from what to what?
£33,000 to around £40,000
What did feudal duties rise from and to between 1487 to 1507?
£350 in 1487 to £6,000 in 1507
What was treason mostly punished by
Fines rather than imprisonment or execution
What was extraordinary revenue?
Money that came to the crown on particular occasions and therefore with no regularity
How many principal sources of extraordinary revenue?
6
What were bonds and recognisances? And what did recipes rise from 1493 to in 1505?
Practice of subjects paying a sum of money to the Crown as a guarantee of their future good behaviour
1493 - £3,000 to 1505 - £35,000
What were clerical taxes and what were they used for?
Grants made by convocation (ruling council of the church, a form of parliament) and used £25,000 of this was used towards cost of French campaign of 1491-92
What were feudal obligations?
Right to levy such obligations as distraint of knighthood (feudal law forcing landholders with annual incomes of £20 to accept knighthoods) or to demand payment for special occasions such as the marriage of his eldest daughter
What was the french pension?
King of France promised (Treaty of Etaples, 1492) to pay Henry £159,000 to annual instalments of £5,000
What were loads and benevolences?
Requests made to his landholding subject for financial support that were virtually impossible to decline, they were traditionally in the form of ‘agreements’
What were parliamentary grants and what did these help pay for?
Raised by means of taxes on moveable property called ‘fifteenths’ and ‘tenths’. Helped played for the battle of Stoke that marked the defeat of the Yorkists and the French campaign
Financial administration underpinned and supported other domestic policies but what were domestic policies geared up towards what?
Geared towards controlling the nobility, co-operating with the church and maintaining law and order
How did Henry control the nobility?
Controlled nobility by issuing attainders, curbing retaining and rewarding service
How did Henry control the church?
Henry offered Church his patronage and protection and publicly upheld hid God-given right to rule. Head of church Pope supported Henry
How did Henry control the law and order?
Agents of central government such as JP’s and sheriffs supported by trusted Nile governors working through regional councils, bright to kingdom under control
