Humans and Other Animals

Question 1

Similarities between human digestive system and various other animals.

Answer 1

• Omnivores
• Three main areas of digestive system (salivary glands, oral and abdominal cavity)
• Mechanical digestion
• Physical digestion

Question 2

Differences between human digestive system and various other organisms.

Answer 2

• Other organisms may have a caecum (breaks cellulose down into nutrients, humans have an appendix)
• Other organism may not have a gallbladder (means it does not eat fatty foods)
• Other organism may not have a proper functioning bile duct (making it graze constantly, whilst humans have a proper functioning bile duct which makes us feel full).

Question 3

Name six enzymes.

Answer 3

• Amylases
• Lipases
• Proteases
• Bile
• Hydrochloric acid
• Lactases

Question 4

Name where each enzyme is located.

Amylases, Lipases, Proteases, bile, Hydrochloric acid, Lactases

Answer 4

Amylases: Saliva
Lipases: Pancreas, mouth and stomach
Proteases: Pancreas
Bile: Liver
Hydrochloric acid: Stomach
Lactases: Small intestine

Question 5

Explain the function of each enzyme.

Amylases, Lipases, Proteases, bile, Hydrochloric acid, Lactases

Answer 5

Amylases: Break down carbohydrates into glucose.
Lipases: Break down fats.
Proteases: Break down proteins into amino acids.
Bile: Increase absorption of fat.
Hydrochloric acid: Break down proteins.
Lactases: Break down sugar found in milk (lactose).

Question 6

Outline the difference between the hind gut and foregut.

Answer 6

HINDGUT. FOREGUT

• Faster. - Slower
• Produces less nutrients. - Produces more nutrients
• Wastes more energy. - Wastes less energy
• Found in horses/koalas. - Found in cattle/kangaroos