Humanistic Psychotherapy

Question 1

Who was the leading figure in humanistic psychotherapy?

Answer 1

Carl Rogers

Question 2

Humanism was a reaction against…

Answer 2

Freud’s approach

Question 3

What did humanism assume?

Answer 3

that human nature wasn’t so bad (id-driven)

Question 4

non-directive, client-centered and person-centered are overlapping terms for

Answer 4

humanism

Question 5

What is self-actualization?

Answer 5

the inborn tendency to grow

Question 6

What is “prizing”?

Answer 6

a need for positive regard- warmth, acceptance, love

Question 7

Sometimes, people are forced to sacrifice self-actualization in order to obtain …

Answer 7

positive regard from important others (e.g., parents)

Question 8

The primary goal of humanistic psychotherapy is to…

Answer 8

foster self-actualization

Question 9

What is the problem thought to be stemming from ?

Answer 9

stifled self-actualization or growth

Question 10

What is the task of the therapist?

Answer 10

to create a climate in which the client can resume his natural growth toward psychological wellness

Question 11

there is not conditions of …

Answer 11

worth on the client

Question 12

What is congruence?

Answer 12

when their real selves matches their ideal selves - the root of psychological wellness

Question 13

What is incongruence?

Answer 13

Mismatch between real and ideal selves - root of psychopathology

Question 14

What are the three essential therapeutic conditions in humanistic therapy that make it difficult to manualize?

Answer 14

empathy, unconditional positive regard and genuiness

Question 15

What is empathy

Answer 15

♣ Sense the client’s emotions just as the client would

♣ Deep, nonjudgmental, compassionate understanding of client’s experiences

Question 16

What is UPR?

Answer 16

♣ Accepting or “prizing” the client “no matter what”

Question 17

What is genuineness

Answer 17

♣ Honesty toward client, rather than playing a role

Question 18

Rogers argued that empathy, UPR and genuineness were…

What does the research suggest?

Answer 18

necessary and sufficient for successful therapy which is controversial

Research is inconsistent; generally, supports necessary, but not sufficient

Question 19

What is one response that humanists do emphasize?

Answer 19

reflection of feeling

Question 20

What is reflection of feeling?

Answer 20

when a therapist responds to a client by rephrasing or restating the client’s statements in a way that highlights the client’s feelings or emotions.

Question 21

What are two historical alternative to humanism?

Answer 21

existential psychotherapy and gestalt therapy

Question 22

What does existential psychotherapy address?

Answer 22

anxiety of inescapable solitude of life

Question 23

What is gestalt therapy? what does it often use?

Answer 23

Holistic approach to enhancing current experience (“the now”); often uses role-plays

Question 24

gestalt therapy conceptualizes a person as an …

suggests that people engage in …

Answer 24

organized whole

self-defeating behaviors which deflect them from expression their true selves

Question 25

anxiety and depression result from…

Answer 25

being diverted from the now

Question 26

What does gestalt therapy focus on?

Answer 26

1. increasing awareness of the now (mindful),
2. non-verbal behaviour,
3. accepting responsibility,
4. confrontation,
5. insight = awareness of one’s experience that may appear in a meaningful pattern

Question 27

What is the empty chair technique in gestalt therapy?

Answer 27

carry out a conversation with a person who is not present which may be healing for them to let go of their anger

Question 28

What is the top dog-under dog technique?

Answer 28

o Underlines bipolarity in personality
o Top dog is righteous, authoritarian and bullying “You should…”
o Underdog manipulates (defensive, apologetic) to gain power “I try my best”

• Top dog may the judgemental side of yourself
• Both are parts of yourself

Question 29

What is a contemporary variation of humanistic therapy?

Answer 29

Motivational interviewing

Question 30

Motivational interviewing addresses client’s…

Answer 30

ambivalence or uncertainty about making major changes

Question 31

Motivational interviewing helps the client see…

Answer 31

the discrepancy between their behaviour and values

Question 32

Motivational interviewing elicits…

Answer 32

motivation to change rather than imposing change on the client

Question 33

what movement is motivational learning consistent with?

Answer 33

the positive psychology movement

Question 34

What are 6 essential principles of MI?

Answer 34

o Expressing empathy (taking clients POV)

o Developing the discrepancy (highlight how a child is inconsistent with his/her goals and values)

o Avoiding argumentation (rather than confronting clients, recognize that they need to choose to change)

o Rolling with resistance (when the client is hesitant, they accept and reflect the feelings rather than battle them)

o Identifying “sustain talk” (resistance to change) and “change talk” (statement that favour changing the problem)

o Supporting self-efficacy (tell clients they have the power to improve themselves)

Question 35

What does positive interventions and strength-based counseling (a.k.a. positive psychology) emphasize ?

Answer 35

human strengths. by bolstering strengths it can prevent and treat psychological problems

Question 36

What are 2 types of therapies for positive interventions and strength-based counseling?

Answer 36

positive interventions, strength-based counseling

Question 37

What is emotionally focused therapy?

Answer 37

• A short term humanistic therapy that emphasizes expression, acknowledgment, and the healing power of emotions in the present moment
• Therapist encourages client to show feelings wholly and completely; therapist provides unconditional acceptance

Question 38

what does the book say?

How Clients Make Therapy Work: The Process of Active Self-Healing by Arthur Bohart and Karen Tallman

Answer 38

trying to create a better problem-solving climate rather than one of trying to fix the person

Question 39

What does this go against?

Answer 39

symptom-focused, manualized approaches to therapy

Question 40

humanistic outcome research has declined in recent years. T or F?

Answer 40

True

Question 41

Meta-analysis suggest…

Answer 41

humanistic is as beneficial as many of the other major therapies