Ch. 1 - Intro to Clin Flashcards
What are the 2 major divisions of clinical therapy?
Assessment & treatment
What does assessment entail?
- Finding out the story
2. Framing it in a useful way
Talk about some of the 9 misconceptions of clinical psych
-You don’t have to like your therapist for therapy to be effective
o TRUE, but you need to have some sort of rapport, especially in the beginning
It is more effective if you use “tough love” methods
-A therapist can “fix” my child later on
o FALSE, you cannot just work with the child; the parent Is actually going to have the most impact on the child.
-Anyone can change in therapy
o FALSE, I don’t think everyone can, not everyone is ready, inappropriate in certain cases.
-If you have a PhD in psychology, you can call yourself a “psychologist”
o FALSE, can only call yourself a psychologist if you have a license and a clinical degree
-It’s all about your childhood
-If you’re with someone with a license in psychology, they’re always analyzing you
-Therapists might make you do things against your will
o NOPE, that is very unethical
-It’s better to see a psychiatrist because they are a “real doctor”
o They have different strengths but they are not necessarily better
What 5 roles do clinical psychologists have?
- Formal assessment
- Conduct psychotherapy
- Conduct research
- Consult
- Educate
What is the most popular profession for a clinical psychologist?
Private practice (50%) - Very few do research
While private practices can be lucrative you need to…(2)
promote yourself in your community and maybe work long hours
Academic careers are unique and have a wide range of salary based on…(4)
Seniority
Bringing in grant $
Published in journals
Size of the school
Who was the first to used clinical psychology and what was it originally defined as being similar to?
Lightner Witmer
- medicine, education, and sociology
Since growing, clinical psychology has becomes a very…
broad & hard to define field
Brief definitions emphasize
- The study
- The assessment
- Treatment of people with psychological problems
What are the 5 commonalities among most training programs?
o Doctoral degree o Most enter with bachelor’s, some with master’s degree o Required coursework o Thesis/dissertation o Pre-doctoral internship
What are the 5 specialty tracks?
♣ Child ♣ Health ♣ Forensic ♣ Family ♣ Neuropsychology
What are the 3 models of training?
- Scientist-practitioner model (or Boulder model)
- Practitioner-scholar model (or Vail model)
- Clinical scientist model
What is the S-P Model (Boulder Model)? (2)
-A balanced approach
-Emphasizes BOTH practice and research
o Graduate should be able to competently practice (therapy, assessment) and conduct research
What is the P-S Model (Vail Model)? (2)
- Emphasizes practice over research
- Yields the PsyD degree (Not the traditional PhD)
What degree program has proliferated in recent years?
PsyD
What is 6 ways a PsyD is different from a PhD?
- Emphasize practice over research
- Larger classes
- Greater acceptance rate
- Often in free-standing professional schools (vs. in university departments)
- Offer less funding to students
- Less success in placing students in APA-accredited internships
Why did the clinical scientist model emerge?
primarily as a reaction against the trend toward practice represented by Vail Model
What book sparked the movement for clinical scientist?
Richard McFall’s 1991 “Manifesto for a Science of Clinical Psychology”
What is the clinical scientist model? (2)
- A Subset of PhD institutions who strongly endorse empiricism and science = research
- Tend to train researchers rather than practitioners
What are the two emerging trends in training? (2)
Technology
o Use of webcams for supervision
o Computer based assessment
Competencies
o Skills that a student must demonstrate
o Ex: intervention, assessment, research, etc.
What is a pre-doctoral internship (2)? What does it transition?
- Takes place at the end of doctoral training programs (before PhD or PsyD is awarded)
- A full year of supervised clinical experience in an applied setting
- Transition from student to professional
What is a postdoctoral internship (6)?
- Takes place after the doctoral degree is awarded
- Typically lasts 1-2 years
- Still supervised, but more independence
- Often specialized training
- Often required for state licensure
- Great way of doing research
Licensure enables
enables independent practice and identification as a member of the profession
Getting licensed requires…(3)
appropriate graduate coursework, postdoctoral internship, and licensing exams
To stay licensed, most states require…
continuing education units (CEUs)
Why is NA clinical psychologists expected to get a licence to practice in their field?
This is done to protect the public from being harmed by incompetent or unethical practitioners
What does a licensing exam include? (4)
♣ A criminal background check
Providing letters of recommendation, transcripts, and details of practical hours
What are three other common work places for clinicians? (other than private practice)
o Universities
o Psychiatric and general hospitals
o Community mental health centers
What is the most common type of therapy clinicians give?
psychotherapy
What are 3 common professional activities that clinical psychologists do?
o Diagnosis/assessment (like ADHD)
o Teaching/supervision
o Research/writing
How are counselling psychologists different from clinical psychologists? (4)
- Tend to see less seriously disturbed clients
- Tend to work less often in settings like inpatient hospitals or units
- Tend to endorse humanism (spend more time forming repor, develop a relationship) more and behaviourism less
- Tend to be more interested in vocational and career counseling
How are psychiatrists different from clinical psychologists? (3)
- Go to medical school and are physicians
- Have prescription privileges
- Increasingly emphasize biological/pharmaceutical rather than “talk therapy” intervention since Medicare is paying, so short appointments
How are social workers different from clinical psychologists? (3)
- Tend to emphasize social factors in client’s problems
- Earn a master’s degree rather than a doctorate
- Training emphasizes treatment and fieldwork over research or formalized assessment (emphasize family therapy)
How are school psychologists different from clinical psychologists? (4)
- Tend to work in schools
- Tend to have a more limited professional focus than clinical psychologists (student wellness and learning)
- Frequently conduct school-related testing and determine LD and ADHD diagnosis
- Consult with adults in children’s lives (e.g. teachers, staff, parents)
How are professional counsellors different from clinical psychologists? (4)
- Earn a master’s degree
- Complete training in two years
- Little emphasis on psychological testing or research
- May specialize in career, school, college counseling
