Human variation

Question 1

describe key elements and supporters of scientific racism

Answer 1

• polygenism
• physical anthropology, use of “humor” in racial categorization
• carolus linneus
• blumenback- founded phys anthro
• SG morton- polygenecist, physical/mental attributes

Question 2

what is a requirement for real biological race

Answer 2

discordant traits- i.e. traits that only one part of the population has

Question 3

what is the difference between a deme and a subspecies

Answer 3

deme is a single population with a particular genetic makeup, a subspecies includes multiple pops

Question 4

What is an antigen and what is an antibody? what antigens and antibodies does O have

Answer 4

an antigen identifies you to a foreign body
an antibody is who you reject
Type o blood has no antigens, and Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies

Question 5

Where is each blood type most common, and what are they susceptible too, and resistant too?

Answer 5

A: west europe, canada, australia- susceptible to small pox
B: asia, central russia- susceptible to infantile diarrhea
O: americas- susceptible to plague, resistant to viruses

Question 6

what other blood grouping can protect you from malaria and HIV

Answer 6

leukocyte antigen/HLA system

Question 7

What countries is lactose tolerance most present in?

Answer 7

east africa, west europe

Question 8

What is balanced polymorphism

Answer 8

selects for heterozygous traits, i.e. sickle cell in areas with malaria

Question 9

What is the human adaptation for heat/cold, and what are the two rules for it?

Answer 9

cold= larger, stockier bodies
hot = smaller, thinner bodies

Bergmans rule : size
Allens rule: more linear =warm climates, long limbs

Question 10

What are the pros and cons of UV:
and what is the rule for it

Answer 10

pros: vitamin D synthesis, helps with calcium absorption and immune system
Cons: Cancer, DNA damage, birth defects, Destroys folate, which helps with cell cycle
Golgers rule: closer to the equator= darker skin across species