Human Reproduction And Genetics Flashcards
The Fallopian tubes
Carry the egg to the uterus, fertilisation occurs here
Ovaries
Store and release eggs
The uterus (womb)
Is where the fertilised egg becomes implanted and finds nourishment
The cervix
Leads from the vagina to the uterus
The vagina
Holds the male penis during sexual intercourse, forms the birth canal during childbirth.
Gametes
Sex cell
The male gamete
Is the sperm
The female gamete
Is the egg/ovum
Ovulation
An egg is released from the ovary an average of every 28 days
Fertile period
These are the days of the menstrual cycle when the woman is most likely to become pregnant.(sperm can live in the female)
Testes
Produce sperm
Sperm duct
Brings the sperm from the testes to the penis
Glands and vesicles
Produces seminal fluid which mixes the sperm to form semen(allows sperm to swim)
The penis
Enters the female and ejaculates semen
Puberty
Describes when the body starts becoming sexually mature(normally happens between the ages 10 and 15)
Puberty in males
Sex hormones (testosterone) are released causing the voice to deepen, hair grows around the sex organs, face, chest and underarms, the testes and penis grow bigger and start to produce sperm.
Puberty in females
When the sex hormones(oestrogen and progesterone) are released the breasts develop, hips widen, and hair begins to grow on the body.
The first egg
Is released from the ovaries which leads to the first period occurring
An egg
Will be released every month until the menopause in the middle age
Family planning
To control the number of children you have, you need to control the number of times fertilisation takes place
Natural methods of contraception
Aim To detect the day ovulation takes place and avoid intercourse during the fertile period
Artificial methods of contraception
Prevent the sperm and egg meeting
Condom- prevents sperm entering vagina
Pill- prevents ovulation
Abstain
It is important to realise no method is 100% reliable, to abstain (to not have sexual intercourse) from sex is the only way to avoid pregnancy.
Condoms
Prevent pregnancy and spread of sexual transmitted diseases(STD’s) or sexually transmitted infections(STI’s)
