Human Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the function of the testes?

A

Where sperm cells are formed by meiosis. Produced hormone testosterone.

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2
Q

What is the function of the sperm duct?

A

Maturing sperm are transported along this tube.

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3
Q

What is the function of the seminal vesicles and prostate gland?

A

Release liquids into the sperm duct, which mixes with sperm cells to form semen. Liquid provides nutrients for sperm.

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4
Q

What is the function of the penis?

A

Transports urine and semen out of the body. Contains tissue which fills with blood to become erect; this helps pass the semen out of the body and into the female’s vagina during sexual intercourse.

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5
Q

What is the function of the ovary?

A

Where egg cells are formed by meiosis (in the follicle). Produces the hormones oestrogen and progesterone.

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6
Q

What is the function of the oviduct?

A

Egg cell travels down this to the uterus. Lined with cilia which move the cell. Site of fertilisation.

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7
Q

What is the function of the uterus (womb)?

A

A lining forms in the uterus, where the embryo will implant. The foetus develops in the uterus, which has a thick muscular wall. This contracts during labour.

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8
Q

What is the function of the cervix?

A

Narrow opening to the uterus. This dilates during labour, to allow the baby to be born.

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9
Q

What is the function of the vagina?

A

Muscular tube that leads from the cervix to the outside of the woman’s body. A man’s penis goes into the woman’s vagina during sexual intercourse and the baby passes through the vagina when it is born.

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10
Q

What is the first cell formed at fertilisation known as?

A

The zygote.

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10
Q

What is the function of the placenta?

A

-Secretes progesterone to ensure uterus lining remains thick, prevents abortion
-Provides nutrients and oxygen
-Removes metabolic waste - carbon dioxide and urea

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11
Q

Why are the circulatory systems of the mother and embryo seperate?

A

-The mothers blood pressure is much higher than the fetal blood
-The mother’s blood has white blood cells and other chemicals that would see the fetal blood as foreign, and attack it

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12
Q

What is the amnion?

A

A membrane that encloses the developing embryo.

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13
Q

What does the amnion do?

A

It secretes a fluid called amniotic fluid, which protects the developing embryo against jolts and bumps, drying out, and temperature fluctuations.

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