Human Populations Flashcards
Population density:
Population per area.
Population distribution:
How the population is spread.
Log /exponential phase:
When the growth rate of a population increases.
Lag phase:
When growth is slow because it is still adapting.
Push factors for moving away:
*drought/famine.
*poverty.
*poor links.
*poor services.
*desertification.
*sea-level rise.
*seasonal weather events.
Push factors for moving into an area:
*Food supplies.
*healthcare/medicine.
*education/schools.
*better infrastucture.
*well-paid jobs.
*electricity.
Dependent people:
People who are not economically active(children/old people)
Independent people:
People who are economically active.
Taxes from the independent used for:
*education/schools.
*care-homes/hospitals.
Managing population size:
*family planning.
*contraception.
*health/education.
*national population policies.
Population policies:
Pronatalist policies and antinatalist policies.
Pronatalist policy:
Policy aimed to encourage couples to have children.
Antinatalist policy:
Policy aimed to prevent couples from having children/have them have fewer children.
Carrying capacity:
Maximum size of a population that an environment can withhold.
History of human population:
*10 000 years ago there were 5million people living as hunter-gatherers.
*6000 years ago humans started growing crops/rearing animals.
*ever since the population started to be recorded, the population rapidly increased.
Natural increase:
Difference between death and birth rate.
What affects birth rates?
*farming economies need more workers/children.
*in MEDCs people dont have children because it is expensive.
*if pensions are provided people don’t need children to care for them.
*if infant death rates are high, birth rates would also be high.
*in LEDCs birth control is hardly available so there are high birth rates.
*in MEDCs birth control is widely used so there are low birth rates.
Why would decreasing birth rates affect the economy?
There would be fewer people to employ and fewer people to care for the elders.
