Human Nutrion Flashcards
What are the 6 nutrients ?
Fat,carbs,protein,vitamins,minerals,water
What are the sources and functions of protein?
Chicken,eggs and for strength and muscles
What are the sources and functions of carbs?
Starch,sugar, fibre and for digestive system and energy
What are the functions and sources fat?
Oil,butter,cream and the functions are heat and energy
What are the functions are sources of vitiman c?
Helps to make new cells and fruit
What are the sources and functions of vitamin d?
Healthy bones and milk
What are the sources and functions of iron?
For the blood and red meat and vegetables
What are the sources and functions of calcium?
Strong bones and teeth and milk
What is the function of water?
Keeps our body temperature stable, lots of substances dissolve in water which allow transport of different substances and used in chemical reactions in the body
What is a balanced diet?
Contains all the correct amounts of nutrients a person needs depending on their:
.age
.activity levels
.Gender
What is the definition of digestive system?
Digest means to break down large particles into smaller particles
Why do we need the digestive system?
.cells need energy
.food helps us to grow and repair our muscles
.we eat food but the particles are to big to enter our cells
What are the names and functions of the digestive system?
Mouth:takes in food and chews it
Oesophagus:carries food from the mouth to the stomach
Stomach:stores food. Churns food and mixes it with digestive juices
Pancreas:makes enzymes to digest food
Liver:produces bile which helps to break down fat
Large intestine: prepares undigested food to be prepared
Colon:absorbs water from food into the blood
Anus: allows faeces to pass through the body
Small intestine: digest food and absorbs food into the blood
Rectum: stores faeces
What are 2 types of digestive system?
Mechanical:physically breaking down food with teeth and churning by the stomach
Chemical: (uses enzymes) break down larger food molecules into smaller soluble molecules
What is peristalsis?
Peristalsis is a muscular movement that only occurs in the muscles of the digestive system. It causes food to me moved along the system
What are the. 5 steps in the path of food
Ingestion: food gets taken in
Digestion: breaking down food into soluble particles
Absorption:digested food passes into the blood stream
Assimilation:food is used by the cells for energy or growth
Egestion: unabsorbed food leaves the body as faeces
What does enzymes mean?
an enzyme is a biological catalyst found in living organisms; it speeds up chemical reactions
What are the names and functions of the teeth?
Molar:chews and grinds food
Premolar: chews and grinds food
Incisor:cuts and slices food
Canine:grips and tears food
Explain the experiment to investigate the digestion of starch by the enzyme amylase
Equipment:
Boiling tubes
Starch solution
Water
Enzyme:amylase
Thermometer
Iodine
Dropper
Method:
1. Using a dropper add 5 mls of starch solution to each boiling tube
2. Add 2mls of amylase to the test tube labellled A
3. Add 2mls of water to the test tube labelled B
4. Place both test tubes in a water bath at 37 degrees for 10 mins
5. Add a few drops of iodine to each test tube
6. Record your results
Results:
Initial colour of iodine final colour of iodine
Starch+water: orange brown: blue black
Starch+amylase: same: orange brown
What is the method and result for testing for starch ?
1.place the white bread or pasta onto a white tile to see the colour change clearer
2. A drop of iodine was placed on the white bread or pasta
3. A drop of iodine was placed on some water (control)
4.both examples where then compared
Results: food:starch and water, colour change: starch bluey,black and water the same, was starch present: starch ✅
Water:❌
What is the method and results for reducing sugar?
Method:
1. Reducing sugar (glucose powder) was dissolved in little water and added to benidict solution in a test tube
2.the same volume of Benidict solution was added to water in a separate test tube (control)
3. Both tubes were placed in a heated bath (not boiling) and the colour change was observed
Results:
Food: glucose and water
Colour change: brick red and blue
Glucose present: ✅ and ❌
What is the method and result for fats/lipids?
Method:
1. Rub some butter/oil on brown paper and leave dry
2.pour water (control) on brown paper and leave dry
3. Compare results
Results:
Food:butter and oil
Translucent stain: ✅ ❌
Fat present: ✅ ❌
What is the method and results for testing for protein?
Method:
1.make up biuret solution (sodium hydroxide+ copper sulfate)
2. Pour some milk into biuret solution
3. Put water into separated biuret solution
4. Observe the colour change.
Results:
Food: milk and water
Colour change: purple and blue
Protein present: yes and no
