Human Lifespan and development

Question 1

1) A major concern of psychosocial development for many adults in middle adulthood is:

A) awareness that the time in which they can accomplish their life’s goals is becoming shorter.

B) finding love and having children.

C) a sense of self-worth.

D) the development of a personal code of ethics.

Answer 1

awareness that the time in which they can accomplish their life goals is becoming shorter

Question 2

2) When infants are uncertain about whether their caregivers will be responsive when needed, they may develop ________ attachment.

A) mistrusting

B) insecure

C) anxious resistant

D) anxious avoidant

Answer 2

anxious resistant

Question 3

3) To which of the following conditions are infants especially susceptible?

A) Nasal congestion

B) Dehydration

C) Fatigue due to increased respiratory effort

D) All of the above

Answer 3

all of the above

Question 4

4) The highest levels of job stress typically occur in the ________ years.

A) early adult

B) adolescent

C) middle adult

D) late adult

Answer 4

early adult

Question 5

5) By the age of 80, cardiac vessel elasticity has decreased by approximately ________ percent.

A) 30

B) 40

C) 50

D) 60

Answer 5

50

Question 6

6) The normal heart rate of a toddler ranges from ________ to ________ beats per minute.

A) 120; 180

B) 100; 120

C) 80; 110

D) 60; 80

Answer 6

80-110

Question 7

7) Preconventional reasoning is characterized by an orientation toward:

A) concern with community rights.

B) punishment and obedience.

C) concern with interpersonal norms.

D) concern with universal ethical principles.

Answer 7

punishment and obedience

Question 8

8) Which of the following describes the Moro reflex in the infant?

A) When the infant’s cheek is stroked, he turns his head in that direction.

B) When the infant’s lips are touched, he makes sucking motions.

C) When startled, the infant throws his arms out wide, then grasps with the fingers and arms.

D) The infant’s hand grasps an object placed in the palm of the hand.

Answer 8

when startled the infant throws his arms out wide then grasps with the fingers and arms

Question 9

9) Infants and children learn by building on what they have already learned, a technique known as:

A) cognition.

B) scaffolding.

C) attachment.

D) bonding.

Answer 9

scaffolding

Question 10

10) Which of the following fluids helps the newborn infant’s lungs remain open by reducing surface tension of the alveoli?

A) Amniotic fluid

B) Vernix caseosa

C) Surfactant

D) Meconium

Answer 10

surfactant

Question 11

11) Which of the following best describes an authoritarian parent?

A) Responsive to the needs and wishes of the children

B) Expectant that the partner will discipline the children

C) Demanding and desiring instant obedience

D) Tolerant, with an accepting view of his children’s behavior

Answer 11

demanding and desiring instant obedience

Question 12

12) Which of the following guidelines applies when interviewing an adolescent patient?

A) Try to have a parent or peer stay with the patient.

B) Conduct the interview in private.

C) Remember that, although they look grown up, adolescents still want to be treated like children.

D) Avoid asking questions about sensitive topics such as substance abuse and sexual activity.

Answer 12

conduct the interview in private

Question 13

13) Which of the following statements about the physiological changes associated with aging is TRUE?

A) There is a 25 to 30 percent increase in kidney mass due to hypertrophy.

B) Impaired insulin use and glucose metabolism result in weight loss.

C) Decreased elasticity of the lung tissue results in a smaller lung volume.

D) Blood vessel walls thicken, reducing blood flow to end organs and causing blood pressure to rise.

Answer 13

blood vessel walls thicken reducing blood flow to end organs causing blood pressure to rise

Question 14

14) Which of the following best describes the development of the sensory portion of the nervous system in infants?

A) They can feel pain but cannot isolate the sensation.

B) They both feel pain and can localize the sensation.

C) They have not yet developed an acute sense of pain.

D) None of the above is accurate

Answer 14

they can feel pain but cannot isolate the sensation

Question 15

15) Which of the following serves as a guideline for the expected weight of a 4- to 6-month-old child?

A) Increased birth weight by 2 to 3 pounds

B) Tripled his birth weight

C) Gained at least 5 pounds

D) Doubled his birth weight

Answer 15

doubled his birth weight

Question 16

16) The normal birth weight of a full-term newborn infant is ________ kg.

A) 2.0 to 2.5

B) 4.0 to 4.5

C) 1.0 to 1.5

D) 3.0 to 3.5

Answer 16

3.0-3.5

Question 17

17) A child’s hearing reaches maturity at:

A) 12 to 18 months.

B) 2 to 3 years.

C) 3 to 4 years.

D) 5 to 6 years.

Answer 17

3- 4 years

Question 18

18) A newborn typically sleeps ________ hours in a 24-hour period.

A) 8 to 10

B) 12 to 16

C) 16 to 18

D) 18 to 22

Answer 18

16 to 18

Question 19

19) Psychological readiness for toilet training generally occurs at age ________ months.

A) 12 to 15

B) 15 to 24

C) 18 to 30

D) 24 to 36

Answer 19

12 to 15

Question 20

20) When palpating the head of a 12-month-old infant, it would be normal to feel the ________ fontanelle.

A) occipital

B) sphenoid

C) anterior

D) posterior

Answer 20

anterior

Question 21

21) An infant’s ventilatory rate generally is too fast to sustain adequate tidal volume when the rate is over ________ breaths per minute.

A) 60

B) 50

C) 40

D) 30

Answer 21

60

Question 22

22) “Magical thinking” begins at age ________ months.

A) 12 to 18

B) 18 to 24

C) 24 to 36

D) 36 to 48

Answer 22

24- 36

Question 23

23) School-age children usually develop all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) an extreme sense of privacy.

B) decision-making skills.

C) self-concept.

D) self-esteem.

Answer 23

an extreme sense of privacy

Question 24

24) Infants should typically be able to sit up in a high chair and make one-syllable sounds by the age of ________ months.

A) 3

B) 4

C) 6

D) 9

Answer 24

6

Question 25

25) In the early-adulthood age bracket, what is the leading cause of death?

A) Cardiovascular disease

B) Accidental trauma

C) Diabetes mellitus

D) Seizure disorders

Answer 25

accidental trauma

Question 26

26) At what stage does exploratory behavior accelerate playing simple games, following basic rules, and displaying early signs of competitiveness?

A) Preschooler

B) Toddler

C) School age

D) Adolescent

Answer 26

preschooler

Question 27

27) ________ parents take a tolerant, accepting view of their children’s behavior, including aggressive behavior and sexual behavior.

A) Permissive

B) Authoritative

C) Authoritarian

D) Divorced

Answer 27

permissive

Question 28

28) ________ take “time out” to experiment with a variety of identities, knowing that they do NOT have to assume responsibility for the consequences of those identities.

A) Adolescents

B) Preschoolers

C) Toddlers

D) School agers

Answer 28

adolescents

Question 29

29) Adults in this age group are more concerned with the “social clock” and become more task oriented as they see the time for accomplishing their lifetime goals recede.

A) Middle adulthood

B) Early adulthood

C) Late adulthood

D) Adolescents

Answer 29

middle adulthood

Question 30

30) What is the theoretical, species-specific, longest duration of life, excluding premature or “unnatural” death called?

A) Maximum life span

B) Life expectancy

C) Maximum duration

D) Theoretical duration

Answer 30

maximum life span

Question 31

31) In which stage of development do the trachea and large airways increase in diameter and enlargement of the end units of the airway results in a decreased surface area of the lungs?

A) Late adulthood

B) Middle adulthood

C) Early adulthood

D) Adolescence

Answer 31

late adulthood

Question 32

32) A decrease in cognitive functioning over a five-year period prior to death is termed:

A) terminal drop.

B) postconventional reasoning.

C) slow-to-warm-up effect.

D) scaffolding.

Answer 32

terminal drop

Question 33

33) What is one of the major challenges for the older adult?

A) Maintaining a sense of self-worth

B) Staying in peak physical conditioning

C) Keeping up with daily chores and routines

D) Maintaining an accurate account of savings for retirement

Answer 33

maintaining a sense of self worth

Question 34

34) A(n) ________ airway is shorter, narrower, less stable, and more easily obstructed than at any other stage in life.

A) infant’s

B) toddler’s

C) preschooler’s

D) school ager’s

Answer 34

infnats