Human Inheritance

Question 1

Multiple Alleles & Ex.

Answer 1

3 or more genes that affect a phenotype (ex. blood type)

Question 2

Genotype for Male/Female

Answer 2

XY XX

Question 3

Sex Linked Genes

Answer 3

female - XX: only have disorder if present on both alleles
male - XY: have disorder b/c not another X to cover it

Question 4

Can Environment Affect Your Phenotype?

Answer 4

Yes (ex. thin genotype but eat McDonald you were overweight)

Question 5

Genetic Disorders

Answer 5

abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes

Question 6

4 Types of Genetic Disorders

Answer 6

1. cystic fibrosis
2. hemophilia
3. sickle-cell anemia
4. down syndrome

Question 7

Cystic Fibrosis Physical/genetic

Answer 7

abnormal thick mucus - 3 base pairs missing chromosome 7 - Not Sex Linked recessive

Question 8

Sickle-Cell Anemia Physical/genetic

Answer 8

sickle shaped blood cell can’t carry as much oxygen - on X but if female has 1 - 1/2 blood cells sickle shaped - males if all blood cells sickle No Carrier - Not Sex Linked

Question 9

Hemophilia Physical/genetic

Answer 9

not enough protein clot blood - females only if both XX - male on the X recessive Sex Linked XX or XY

Question 10

Down Syndrome Physical/genetic

Answer 10

mental slowness & face disorientation - extra chromosome on the 21st pair Not Sex Linked

Question 11

Pedigree & Parts

Answer 11

chart of a family, = means marriage, vertical line means children, circle = female / square = male, shaded has trait, 1/2 shaded Carrier, no shade = no trait

Question 12

Karyotype

Answer 12

picture of chromosome in the cell

Question 13

Inbreeding

Answer 13

involving 2 individuals with similar DNA - cause mutation - multiple generations to fix

Question 14

Hybridization & Ex.

Answer 14

cross breeding 2 different organisms for desired traits (ex. McIntosh + Red delicious = Empire)

Question 15

Cloning & Ex.

Answer 15

organism that has the exact same genes (ex. Dolly the sheep)

Question 16

Genetic Engineering & Ex.

Answer 16

alter part of one’s DNA (ex. insulin - part bacteria part human)

Question 17

Gene Therapy

Answer 17

inserting chromosomes into cells to fix a disorder

Question 18

Human Genome Project

Answer 18

sequencing DNA from humans & mapping out traits

Question 19

DNA Fingerprinting

Answer 19

using a person’s prints to identify them & now using DNA to ID a person

Question 20

Insulin

Answer 20

ex. of genetic engineering (ex. 1/2 of bacteria DNA & 1/2 human DNA spliced together)