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Science > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

Causes Attraction (poles)

A

positive (protons)
negative (electrons)

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2
Q

Causes Repulsion (2 poles)

A

negative (electron) / negative (electron)

positive (protons) / positive (protons)

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3
Q

Difference / Similar Between Magnetism & Electricity

A

Difference: electricity single charges ALONE

Similar: attraction and repulsion of the charges

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4
Q

Electric Force

A

attraction / repulsion between electric charges

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5
Q

Electric Field

A

area around a charged particle - exerts on objects near it

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6
Q

Positive Ion

A

1) arrow shows direction
2) length shows strength
3) charged particle has multiple fields

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7
Q

Negative Ion

A

1) arrows faced in
2) length shows strength
3) charged particle has multiple fields

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8
Q

Electrical Forces for Positive & Positive / Negative & Negative

A

pg 36

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9
Q

Electrical Forces for Negative & Positive

A

pg 36

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10
Q

Static Electricity

A

most objects are neutral - sometimes slight charge so + & - attract to each other

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11
Q

If an Object Gains Electrons, Its Charge Is?

A

Negative

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12
Q

If an Object Gives Away Electrons, Its Charge Is?

A

Positive

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13
Q

3 Ways to Transfer Charges

A

1) Friction
2) Conduction
3) Induction

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14
Q

Electroscope

A

equipment used to measure charged objects

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15
Q

Friction & Example

A

opposing of force - ex. cloth rubbing stick

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16
Q

Conduction Transfer & Example

A

transfer from touching objects - ex. hair and balloon

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17
Q

Induction Transfer & Example

A

transfer from NOT touching produce electrical field - ex. lightning

18
Q

Static Discharge

A

when charged particles touch & become neutral

19
Q

Electric Current & Unit

A

flow of electric current - measured in amps

20
Q

Conductor & Example

A

material that electrons can flow through easily - ex. iron, silver, & copper

21
Q

Insulator & Example

A

materials that electrons can NOT flow through easily - ex. rubber, glass, & plastic

22
Q

Voltage

A

difference in electrical potential between 2 places in the circuit

23
Q

Resistance

A

how difficulty the charge is to flow

24
Q

4 Types of resistance

A

1) material used - conductor vs. insulator
2) length of wire - long = more resistance
3) diameter of wire - slimmer = more resistance - 1 line of electrons
4) path of least resistance -bird on wire - more resistance go through body

25
Q

Scientist 1st Battery

A

Alessandro Volta

26
Q

Electrochemcial Cell

A

converting chemical energy to electrical energy

27
Q

Wet Cell Battery & Example

A

electrolyte is a liquid - ex. car battery

28
Q

Dry Cell Battery & Example

A

electrolyte is a paste - ex. D/AA batteries

29
Q

Ohm’s Law

A

regardless of the voltage into a conductor - the resistance will remain constant amount

30
Q

Features of a Circuit

A

run on electrical energy, need source, connected by wires

31
Q

Switch

A

allows electrons to flow when on/off electrons don’t flow

32
Q

Series Circuit Advantage / Disadvantage

A

1 pathway -
A: simple / easy design
D: one light goes out, all go out & lights get duller

33
Q

Parallel Circuit Advantage / Disadvantage

A

more than 1 pathway -
A: 1 goes out rest stay on & equal brightness
D: more supplies needed

34
Q

Power Equation

A

power = voltage (volts) x current (amps)

35
Q

Electrical Bill

A

bill = energy (kilowatts) x time (hour)

36
Q

Personal Safety

A

least resistance - flow through body mess up heart, muscle, and breathing

37
Q

Grounding

A

if short circuit - causes current to flow to ground

38
Q

Fuses

A

device with metal strip that melts if too much electricity flow through

39
Q

Circuit Breaker

A

reusable switch to close or open a circuit

40
Q

Open Current

A

electricity will NOT flow - lost into the air

41
Q

Closed Current

A

electricity WILL flow - through the whole circuit

Science (11 decks)

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