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Micropara > Human Infectious Diseases > Flashcards

Human Infectious Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Infectious diseases follow colonization of some body site by a
pathogen.

A

Human Infectious Diseases

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2
Q

is a type of nonspecific host defense mechanism, serving as a physical barrier.

A

Intact skin

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3
Q

a general term that
describes a common skin
irritation.

A

Dermatitis

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4
Q

Inflammation of sebaceous gland that opens into a follicle of an eyelash.

A

Sty (or stye)

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5
Q

A localized pyogenic (pusproducing) infection of the skin, usually resulting from folliculitis; also known as a boil

A

Furuncle

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6
Q

A deep-seated pyogenic infection of
the skin, usually arising from a
coalescence of furuncle.

A

Carbuncle

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7
Q

A surface lesion that is neither raised nor depressed, such as the lesions of
measles

A

Macule

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8
Q

A surface of lesion that is firm and raised, such as lesions of chickenpox.

A

Papule

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9
Q

A blister or small fluid-filled sac, such as is seen in chickenpox and shingles

A

Vesicle

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10
Q

A pus-filled surface lesion

A

Pustule

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11
Q

How are skin diseases treated? GIVE 3 or MORE

A

Antibiotics. * Antihistamines. * Laser skin resurfacing. * Medicated creams, ointments or gels. * Moisturizers. * Oral medications (taken by mouth). * Steroid pills, creams or injections. * Surgical procedures.

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12
Q

There are three pathways for
pathogens to enter the ear;

A

through the eustachian
(auditory) tube, from the throat
and nasopharynx
from the external ear
via blood or lymph.
Usually, bacteria are trapped in
the middle ear when a bacterial
infection in the throat and
nasopharynx causes the
eustachian tube to close.

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13
Q

Infection of the middle ear.

A

Otitis media

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14
Q

Infection of the outer ear canal.

A

Otitis externa

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15
Q
  • The thin, tough lining that covers the inner wall of the eyelid and the sclera
A

Conjunctiva

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16
Q

An infection or inflammation of the conjunctiva.

A

Conjunctivitis

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17
Q

An infection or inflammation of the cornea – the domed covering over the iris and lens.

A

Keratitis

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18
Q

An infection that involves both the cornea and the conjunctiva.

A
  • Keratoconjunctivitis
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19
Q

Inflammation that involves the retina.
Often caused by viral infection.

A

Retinitis

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20
Q

SYMPTOMS:
*Cloudy vision
*Sensitivity to light
*Poor vision at night
*Double vision
what kind of disorder?

A

Cataract

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21
Q

SYMPTOMS:
*Double vision
*Blurred vision
*Loss of vision
what kind of disorder?

A

Diabetic Retinopathy

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22
Q

SYMPTOMS:
*Tearing
*Burning
*Discharge or stickiness
*Itching
*Eye pain
*Red-eye
what kind of disorder?

A

Conjunctivitis

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23
Q

Inflammation of the mucous membrane lining of the bronchial tubes; most commonly caused by respiratory viruses.

A

Bronchitis

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24
Q

Combination of bronchitis and pneumonia

A

Bronchopneumonia

25
Q

Combination of bronchitis and Inflammation of the epiglottis (the mouth of the windpipe) may cause respiratory obstruction, especially in children; in the absence of vaccination, frequently caused by Haemophilus influenza type b

A

Epiglottitis

26
Q

Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the larynx (voice box)

A

Laryngitis

27
Q

Inflammation of the mucous membrane and underlying tissue of the pharynx;
commonly referred to as sore throat. “Strep throat” is a pharyngitis caused by
Streptococcus pyogenes.

A

Pharyngitis

28
Q
  • Inflammation of one or both lungs. Alveolar sacs become filled with exudate,
    inflammatory cells, and fibrin
  • Most cases of pneumonia are caused by bacteria or viruses, but they can also be
    caused by fungi and protozoa.
A

Pneumonia

29
Q

Inflammation of the lining of one or more paranasal sinuses

A

Sinusitis

30
Q
  • Tooth decay or cavities
  • Start when the external surface (the enamel) of a tooth is dissolved by organic
    acids produced by masses of microorganisms attached to the tooth (dental
    plaque)
  • Common cause: Streptococcus mutans
A

Dental carries

31
Q

Inflammation of the gingiva (gums).

A

Gingivitis

32
Q

Inflammation of the periperiodontium (tissues that surround and support the teeth, including the gingiva and supporting bone); in severe cases, teeth loosen and fall out.

A

Periodontitis

33
Q

An infection of the oral tissues (mostly the tongue) with Candida albicans that occurs mainly in immunocompromised patients.

A

Thrush

34
Q

Inflammation of the colon (large intestine)

A

Colitis

35
Q

Abnormally frequent discharge of semisolid or fluid fecal matter.

A

Diarrhea

36
Q
  • Frequent watery stools, accompanied by abdominal pain, fever and
    dehydration.
  • Stool may contain blood or mucus.
A

Dysentery

37
Q

Inflammation of the intestines, usually referring to the small intestine.

A

Enteritis

38
Q

Inflammation of the mucosal lining of the stomach.

A

Gastritis

39
Q

Inflammation of the mucosal lining of the stomach and intestines.

A

Gastroenteritis

40
Q

Inflammation of the bartholin ducts in women.

A

Bartholinitis

41
Q

Inflammation of the cervix

A

Cervicitis

42
Q
  • Inflammation of the urinary bladder
  • The most common type of UTI
  • Common cause: Escherichia coli
A

Cystitis

43
Q

Inflammation of the endometrium (inner layer of uterine wall)

A

Endometritis

44
Q

Inflammation of the epididymis (an elongated structure connected to the testis).

A

Epididymitis

45
Q

General term referring to inflammation of the kidneys

A

Nephritis

46
Q
  • Inflammation of one or both ureters.
  • Usually caused by the spreading of infection upward from the urinary bladder
    or downward from the kidneys.
A

Ureteritis

47
Q
  • Inflammation of the urethra
  • Common cause: Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhea, and
    Mycoplasma genitalum.
A

Urethritis

48
Q
  • Inflammation of the fallopian tubes
  • Also known as salpingitis.
A

Pelvic inflammatory disease

49
Q
  • Inflammation of the prostate gland
  • Most often not an infectious disease. If it is caused by a pathogen, the pathogen
    maybe bacterium, virus, fungus or a protozoan.
A

Prostatitis

50
Q

*Cardio= ?

A

heart

51
Q

Vascular=?

A

types of blood vessels

52
Q

Inflammation of the endocardium – the endothelial membrane that lines the
cavities of the heart.

A

Endocarditis

53
Q

Inflammation of the myocardium- the muscular walls of the heart.

A

Myocarditis

54
Q

Inflammation of the pericardium- the membranous sac of the heart.

A

Pericarditis

55
Q

Presence of bacteria in the blood stream.

A

Bacteremia

56
Q

Disease in which the patient experiences chills, fever and prostration (extreme
exhaustion) and has bacteria or their toxins in their bloodstream

A

Septicemia

57
Q
  • Inflammation of the brain Encephalomyelitis
  • Inflammation of the membranes (meninges)
A

Encephalitis

58
Q

Inflammation of the brain and meninges

A

Meningoencephalitis

59
Q

nflammation of the spinal cord

A

Myelitis

Micropara (7 decks)

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