Human Growth & Development Flashcards
Freud stages are psychosexual where Erik Erikson stages are
Psychosocial
In Freud’s psychodynamic theory instincts are emphasized. Erick Erickson is an ego psychologist. Ego psychologist
Believe in man’s power of reasoning to control behavior
The only psycho analyst who created a developmental theory which encompasses the entire lifespan was
Eric Erickson
The statement “the ego is dependent on the id” would most likely reflect the work of
Sigmund Freud, who created psychodynamic theory
Jean Piaget’s idiographic approach created his theory was four stages. the correct order from stage one to stage four is
Sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, formal operations
Some behavioral scientist have been critical of Swiss child psychologist Jean Piaget’s developmental research inasmuch as
His findings were often derived from observing his own children
A tall skinny pitcher of water is emptied into a small squatty pitcher. A child indicates that she feels the small pitcher has less water. The child has not yet mastered
Conservation
In Piagetian literature, conservation would most likely refer to
Volume or mass
A child masters conservation in the piagetian stage known as
Concrete operations – ages 7–11 years
_______ Expanded on Piaget’s conceptualization of moral development
Lawrence Kohlberg
According to Jean Piaget, a child masters the concept of reversibility in the third stage, known as concrete operations or concrete operational thought. This notion suggests
One can undo an action, hence an object (say a glass of water) can return to its initial shape
During a thunderstorm, a six-year-old child in Piagets stage of pre-operational thoughts (stage 2) says, “the rain is following me.” This is an example of
Egocentrism
Lawrence Kohlberg suggested
Three levels of morality
The Heinz dilemma is a Kohlberg’s theory as
The typing test is to the level of typing skills mastered
The term identity crisis comes from the work of
Erickson
Kohlberg’s three levels of morality are
Preconventional, conventional, post conventional
Trust versus mistrust is
Ericksons first stage of psychosocial development
A person who has successfully mastered Erickson’s first seven stages would be ready to enter Eriksons’s final or eighth stage
Integrity versus despair
In Kohlberg’s first or preconventional level, the individuals moral behavior is guided by
Consequences
Kohlberg’s second level of morality is known as conventional morality. This level is characterized by
B & C (a desire to live up to societies expectations AND a desire to conform)
Kohlberg highest level of morality is termed postconventional morality. Here the individual
Has self-imposed morals and ethics
According to Lawrence Kohlberg, level three, which is post conventional or self-accepted moral principles,
Is the highest level of morality. However, some people never reach this level
The zone of proximal development
Was pioneered by Lev Vygotsky
Freud and Erickson
Could be classified as maturationists 
John Bowlby, the British psychiatrist, is most commonly associated with
 Bonding and attachment
In which Ericksonian stage does the midlife crisis occur
Generativity versus stagnation
The researcher who is well known for his work with maternal deprivation in isolation in rhesus monkeys is
Harry Harlow
The statement: “males are better than females when performing mathematical calculation” is
True according to research by Eleanor Maccoby in Carol Jacklin
The Ericksonian stage that focuses heavily on sharing your life with another person is
Intimacy versus isolation – ages 23- 34 years
We often refer to individuals as conformist. Which of these individuals would most likely conform to his or her peers?
A 13-year-old male middle school student
In harry Harlow’s experiments with baby monkeys
The baby monkey was more likely to clean to a terry-cloth surrogate mother than a wire surrogate mother
Freud postulated the psychosexual stages
Oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital. 
In adolescence
Males commit suicide more often than females, but females attempt suicide more often
In the general US population
Suicide rates tend to increase with age
The fear of death
Is greatest during middle age
In Freudian theory attachment is a major factor
Which evolves primarily during the oral age
When comparing girls to boys, it could be noted that in general
All of the above (girls grow up to smile more, girls are using more feeling words by the age 2, girls are better able to read people without verbal cues at any age)
The Freudian developmental stage which “least” emphasizes sexuality is
Latency
In terms of parenting young children
Boys are punished more than girls
When developmental theorist speak of nature or nurture they really mean
How much heredity or environment interact to influence development
