Counseling and Helping Relationships Flashcards
Sigmund Freud is the father of psychoanalysis, which is both a form of treatment and a very comprehensive personality theory. According to Freud’s theory, inborn drives (mainly sexual) help from the personality. _____ and ______ , Who originally worked with Freud, created individual psychology and analytical psychology, respectively
Alfred Adler; Carl Jung
Eric Berne’s Transactional analysis (TA) posits three ego states: the child, the adult, and the parent. These roughly correspond to Freud structural theory that includes includes
Id, ego, and superego
In the transactional analysis TA, the ______ is the conscience, or ego state concerned with moral behavior, while in Freudian theory it is the _______
Parent, superego
Roitfeld that successful resolution of the oedipus complex led to the development of the superego. This is accomplished by
Identification with the aggressor, the parent of the same sex
Freudians refer to the ego as
Executive administrator of the personality and the reality principle
Freud‘s theory speaks of Eros and Thanatos. A client who threatens a self-destructive act is being ruled primarily by
Thanatos 
The Id is present at birth and never matures. It operates mainly out of awareness to satisfy instinctual needs according to the
Pleasure principle, suggesting humans desire instinct gratification search for libido, sex, or the elimination of hunger or thirst
If you think of the mind as a seesaw, then the fulcrum or balancing apparatus would be the
Ego
A therapist who says to a patient “say whatever comes to mind” is practicing
Free association
The superego contains the ego ideal. The superego strives for ______rather than ________ like the id.
Perfection; pleasure
All of these theorist would be associated with the analytical movement except
Wolpe
Most scholars what assert that Freud’s 1900 work entitled the interpretation of dreams was his most influential. Dreams have
Manifest and latent content
When a client projects unconscious feelings toward the therapist that he or she originally had toward a significant other, it is called
Transference
Which case is not associated with the psychodynamic movement
Little Albert
Are: Little Hans, Anna O. & Daniel Paul Schreber
In contrast with classical psychoanalysis, psychodynamic counseling or therapy
All of the above (Utilizes fewer sessions per week AND Is performed face-to-face AND Does not utilize the couch) 
Talking about difficulties in order to purge emotions and feelings is a curative process known as
Catharsis and/or abrecation
Id, ego, superego is to structural theory as ______ Is to topographical theory
Unconscious, Preconscious, conscious
The most controversial aspect of Freud’s theory is
The Oedipus complex
Evidence for the unconscious mind comes from all of these except
Subjective units of distress scale
In a counseling session, a counselor asked a patient to recall what transpired three months ago to trigger her depression. There was silence for about 2 1/2 minutes. The client then began to remember. This exchange most likely illustrates the function of the
Pre-conscious mind
Unconscious processes, which serve to minimize anxiety and protect the self from severe id or superego demands, are called
Ego defense mechanisms
Most therapist agree that ego defense mechanisms are unconscious and deny to distort reality. Rationalization, compensation, repression, projection, reaction formation, identification, introjection, denial, and displacement are ego defense mechanisms. According to Freudians, the most important defense mechanism is
Repression
Suppression differs from repression in that
Repression is automatic or involuntary
And aggressive person who becomes a professional boxer because he or she is sadistic is displaying
Sublimation
And advertising agency secretly in beds the word SEX into newspaper ads intended to advertise the centers chemical dependency program. This is the practice of
None of the above (sublimation, repression, or introjection)
A man receives a nickel an hour pay raise. He was expecting a one dollar per hour raise. He is furious but nonassertive. He thus smiles and thanks his boss. That night he yells at his wife for no apparent reason. This is an example of
Displacement
A student tells a college counselor that he is not upset by a grade of “F” in physical education that marred his fourth year perfect 4.0 average, inasmuch as “straight A students are eggheads.” This demonstrates
Sour grapes rationalization
A Masters level counselor lands an entry-level counseling job in an agency in a warm climate. Her office is not air condition, but the counselor insists she likes this because sweating really helps to keep her weight in check. This illuminates
Sweet lemon rationalization
A teenager who had his heart set on winning a tennis match broke his arm in an auto accident. He sent in an entry form to play in the competition which begins just days after the accident. His behavior is influenced by
Denial
________ It’s like looking in a mirror but thinking you were looking out a window
Projection
Mark is obsessed with stamping out pornography. He is unconsciously involved in this cause so that he can view the material. This is
Reaction formation
Ted has always felt inferior intellectually. He currently works out at the gym at least four hours daily and is taking massive doses of dangerous steroids to build his muscles. The ego defense mechanism in action here is
Compensation
Jane feels inferior. She is now president of the board at a shelter for the homeless. She seems to be obsessed with her work for the agency and spent every spare minute trying to help the cause. When asked to introduce herself in virtually any social situation, Jane invariably responds with, “I’m the president of the board for the homeless shelter.” Jane is engaging in
Identification
Client who has incorporated his fathers values into his thought patterns as a product of
Introjection
Declines tendency to inhibit or fight against the therapeutic process is known as
Resistance
Freud has been called the most significant theorist in the entire history of psychology. His greatest contribution was his conceptualization of the unconscious mind. Critics, however, contend that
Mini aspects of his theory are difficult to test from a scientific standpoint
The purpose of interpretation in counseling is to
Make the clients aware of their unconscious process
Organ inferiority relates mainly to the work of
Alfred Adler’s Individual psychology
When a client becomes aware of a factor in his or her life that was heretofore unknown, counselors referred to it as
Insight
C. G. Jung, The founder of analytic psychology, said men operate on logic or the _____ principal, while woman are intuitive, operating on the ______principal
Logos; Eros
Jung used drawings balanced around a Center point to analyze himself, his clients, and dreams. He called them
Mandalas
_____ Emphasized the drive of superiority
Adler
The statement “sibling interaction may have more impact than parent-child interaction” describes
Alfred Adlers theory
In contrast with Freud, the neo-Freudians emphasized
Social factors
The terms introversion and extroversion are associated with
Jung
Personality types of the Myers-Briggs type indicator (MBTI) are associated with the work of
Carl G. Jung
One of Adler students, Rudolph Dreikurs
Was the first to discuss the use of group therapy in private practice
Adler emphasize that people wish to be long. This is known as
Social connectedness
Adler was one of the first therapist who relied on paradox. using this strategy, a client (who was a student in a counselor preparation program) who was afraid to give a presentation in front of his counseling class for fear he might shake and embarrass himself would be instructed to
Exaggerate the behavior and really do a thorough job shaking in front of the class
C. J. Jung Felt that society cause men to deny their feminine side known as ________ in women to deny their masculine side known as ________
anima; animus
Jung spoke of a collective unconscious common to all men and women. The material that makes up the collective unconscious, which is passed from generation to generation, is known as
Archetypes
Common architypes include
All of the above (The persona — the mask or role we present to others to hide our true self AND Animus, anima, and self AND shadow — The mask behind the persona, which contains id-like material, denied, yet desired)
A client is demonstrating inconsistent behavior. She is smiling but says that she is very sad about what she did. When her counselor points this out to her, the counselors verbal response is known as
Confrontation
During a professional staff meeting, the counselor says he’s worried that if techniques are implemented to stop a six-year-old boy from sucking his thumb, then he will begin biting his nails or stuttering. The counselor
Is most likely an analytically trained counselor concerned with symptom substitution
In eclectic counselor
Attempts to choose the best theoretical approach based on the clients attributes, resources, and situation
The word eclectic is most closely associated with
Frederick C. Throne
A counselor who is obsessed with the fact that a client missed his or her session is the victim of
Counter transference
Lifestyle, birth order, and family constellation are emphasized by
Adler
A counselor who remarks that firstborn children are usually conservative but display leadership qualities is most likely
An Adelarian who believes behavior must be studied in a social context; never in isolation
Existentialism is to logotherapy as _________ is to behaviorism
Associationism
BF Skinners reinforcement theory elaborated on
Edward Thorndike’s law of effect
