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HCHS A-level Geography > Human Geography Human Rights > Flashcards

Human Geography Human Rights Flashcards

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1
Q

Name 4 key words in terms of human development

A

Access; Opportunity; Investment; Sustainable

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2
Q

Give two positive things about GDP/GNI

A

One simple measurement; Easy comparison

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3
Q

Give two negative things about GDP/GNI

A

Ignores informal economy; Assumes wealth is evenly distributed;Doesn’t include other measures

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4
Q

What three factors are included when calculating HDI?

A

Education; Healthcare; GDP

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5
Q

Give two positives about HDI

A

Not just economic; More representative

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6
Q

What does the happy planet index consider?

A

Impacts on natural environment (ecological factors); Wellbeing of society (life expectancy); Efficiency of resource use in improving loves without damaging environment

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7
Q

What is the normal number of children per family globally?

A

2

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8
Q

In 1963, what was the average amount of children per family?

A

5

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9
Q

What are they trying to do in Bangledesh to allow longer life expectancy through access to resources?

A

Reduce the number of children per family

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10
Q

Give two reasons why the population is expected to slow down?

A

Better healthcare so parents have less children; Greater awareness- education

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11
Q

In 2013, how many primary school children didn’t go to school?

A

59million

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12
Q

In 2013, how many secondary school children didn’t go to school?

A

65million

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13
Q

In 2015, what % of countries had equal access to primary education?

A

69%

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14
Q

In 2015, what % of countries had equal access to secondary education?

A

48%

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15
Q

How many more girls do not get an education in the sahel compared to boys?

A

2x

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16
Q

Give three reasons why education is central to economic development?

A

Basic hygiene/ healthcare (life expectancy); Family size control; Decision making

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17
Q

How many people die each year due to water related diseases?

A

840,000

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18
Q

What fraction of people do not have enough to eat globally?

A

01-Sep

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19
Q

What is the average life expectancy in Japan?

A

82

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20
Q

What is the average life expectancy in the UK?

A

81

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21
Q

What has life expectancy increased from and to between 1985 and 2015?

A

54-68

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22
Q

How much has life expectancy been reduced by due to air pollution in developing cities?

A

3.2years

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23
Q

Which area has the lowest life expectancy of 57years?

A

Sub Saharan Africa

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24
Q

Sub Saharan Africa has the largest maternal mortality rate of what per 100,000 live births?

A

540

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25
Q

Where are the highest life expectancies in Africa?

A

North Africa; Eg. Algeria (76.39) Tunisia (76.04)

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26
Q

Where are the lowest life expectancies in Africa?

A

Sub Saharan Africa; Eg. South Africa (49.56) Mozambique (52.60)

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27
Q

Each year how many children die before their 5th birthday?

A

6million

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28
Q

Name 3 reasons for variations in life expectancy within the developed world.

A

Differences in lifestyle; Differences in deprivation; Differences in cost and effectiveness of healthcare

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29
Q

In the Uk, which ethnicity has the highest and lowest life expectancies?

A

Chinese; Bangladeshi

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30
Q

In the Uk, which socio-economic group has the highest and lowest life expectancies?

A

Professional; Unskilled

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31
Q

How many years difference is there between Richmond upon Thames and Manchester in terms of life expectancy?

A

15years

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32
Q

In Australia, what % of 15year + aboriginals smoke?

A

41%

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33
Q

What % of aboriginals live in remote areas?

A

25%

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34
Q

How many aboriginals committed suicide in 2015?

A

150

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35
Q

What is the rate of unemployment in Australia?

A

5.60%

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36
Q

Alcohol consumption is how much above the national average in Aboriginals?

A

1.5

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37
Q

In Rio de Janeiro, what % of people live in favelas?

A

6%

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38
Q

What % of people are unemployed in Brazil?

A

13.60%

39
Q

How many Brazilians die before the age of 65?

A

150/1000

40
Q

What fraction of people in brazil have private healthcare plans?

A

¼

41
Q

How much is public spending in the UK?

A

$1,102.8billion (2016)

42
Q

What % of Uk spending is on healthcare?

A

18%

43
Q

What % of Uk spending is on education?

A

12%

44
Q

How much is spending on health in the UK?

A

$3,102 per person

45
Q

What are human rights?

A

Moral principles that underlie standards of human behaviour ‘to which a person is inherently entitled simply because he or she is a human being’

46
Q

What were human rights first formed and why?

A

1948- in response to atrocities in Nazi Germany

47
Q

What does the UN declaration of human rights do?

A

Sets a basic guideline for what every country should go by

48
Q

Name two good things about the Universal declaration of human rights

A

Broad range of social, economic and environmental factors; Guidance for countries

49
Q

Name two bad things about the Universal declaration of human rights

A

Open to interpretation; Not legally binding

50
Q

What does the European convention on Human rights do?

A

European version of the UN convention that can be tailored to European countries

51
Q

What are two good things about the European convention on human rights?

A

Can go to European court of human rights

52
Q

What are two bad things about the European convention on human rights?

A

Takes a long time to action sanctions; Undermining of sovereignty

53
Q

What % of Uk cases are thrown out by the European court of human rights?

A

99%

54
Q

What does the Geneva convention do?

A

Provides the rule of warfare particularly protecting civilians

55
Q

What are two good things about the Geneva convention?

A

Tries to make war humane; Makes war a professional game

56
Q

What are two bad things about the Geneva convention?

A

Only going to be obeyed by western countries; Does not tackle terrorist groups

57
Q

When did the UK Human rights act come into place?

A

1998

58
Q

What does the Human rights act do?

A

Incorporates Human rights into UK law which can be sanctioned by UK courts

59
Q

What % of teenage girls are literate in Afghanistan?

A

37%

60
Q

What % of women are literate in Afghanistan?

A

19%

61
Q

How many different ethnic groups are there in Myanmar?

A

100

62
Q

How many people needed food and shelter after the riots in Zimbabwe?

A

4.5million

63
Q

How many Sikhs were massacred in the 1984 Anti-Sikh riots (India)?

A

2000

64
Q

How much was spent on buildings and infrastructure (Indigenous American people)?

A

$59million

65
Q

What was the rate of deaths in under 5s in 1998 in Rwanda?

A

230/1000

66
Q

What was the rate of deaths in under 5s in 2012 in Rwanda?

A

55/1000

67
Q

How many people were murdered in the 1994 genocide in Rwanda?

A

800,000

68
Q

When were free elections held in South Korea?

A

1992

69
Q

When did China become communist?

A

1949

70
Q

When was China’s freedom of speech act?

A

1982

71
Q

When was the UN declaration of human rights for indigenous American people?

A

2007

72
Q

What is the gender wage gap in Canada?

A

74cents for every $1

73
Q

When was the Canadian charter of rights and freedoms introduced?

A

1982

74
Q

How many civilians were killed in a peaceful protest in Indonesia?

A

4

75
Q

How many years have the Kim Jong family been in power for in North Korea?

A

70years

76
Q

How many people are in political prison camps in North Korea?

A

80,000-120,000

77
Q

Give three humanitarian reasons for intervention in a country

A

Offering development aid to poorest and least developed countries; Protecting human rights; Encouraging healthcare and education

78
Q

Give four mutual benefit reasons for intervention in a country

A

Strengthening security and stability; Promoting international trade and protecting routes; Accessing resources; Encouraging inward investment

79
Q

Give two military power reasons for intervention in a country

A

Providing military support; Increasing global or regional influence

80
Q

In 2014, what % of EU development aid was for government and civil society?

A

17.52%

81
Q

In 2014, what % of EU development aid was for humanitarian aid?

A

17.63%

82
Q

How can development aid be given?

A

Bilaterally or multilaterally

83
Q

What was the UK government’s target on international aid?

A

0.7% of gross national income

84
Q

How much aid was given in 2013 by UK government?

A

£11.2billion

85
Q

Which corrupt nation did the UK donate £86.8million to in 2012?

A

Somalia

86
Q

How much aid was given by Britain to Afghanistan in 2013?

A

£200million

87
Q

When was an effective trade embargo in place in South Africa?

A

1948-1994

88
Q

In what year did the US renew a 5 year aid package with Jordan?

A

2014

89
Q

How many fighters does ISIS have?

A

31,000

90
Q

How many military deaths did the USA suffer in the Afghanistan war?

A

2,175

91
Q

How much did the Afghanistan war cost the UK?

A

£12billion

92
Q

How many UK soldiers were killed in the Afghan campaign? How many were wounded?

A

444

93
Q

When was Guantanamo bay constructed?

A

2002

94
Q

Which 5 countries did the Institute for Economics and Peace Global terrorism index of 2015 show that terrorism was concentrated in 2014?

A

Iraq; Afghanistan; Nigeria; Pakistan; Syria

HCHS A-level Geography (7 decks)

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