Human Genomics (1.5) Flashcards
What is human genome? (1)
Human genomics is the study of the human genome
What does ‘sequence data’ mean? (1)
The DNA base sequence within a genome.
What is the meaning of ‘pharmacogenetics’? (1)
The study of the effects of pharmaceutical drugs on the genetically diverse members of the human population.
Describe the basis for personalised medicine. (2)
An individuals genome may be analysed; and drug therapy matched to the genome to gain most effective outcome from treatment.
What is ‘bioinformatics’? (1)
Use of computers and statistics in analysis of sequence data.
What techniques does bioinformatics draw on to make sense of biological data? (4)
Computer science, statistics, maths and engineering
Describe what is meant by the genome of an organism. (2)
The entire hereditary information encoded in DNA; the DNA sequences in genes and non-coding regions.
What is a genome made of? (1)
Genes and other DNA sequences that no not code for proteins.
What does genomic sequencing mean? (1)
Determining the sequence of an individuals gene or entire genome.
What are the benefits of personalised medicine? (3)
Reduce side effects, drugs more suitable to an individual, increased efficiency of drugs.
What can an individuals genome be analysed to predict? (1)
The likelihood that the individual may develop certain diseases.
Give an account of personalised genomics and medicine (4)
Personalised genomics involves sequencing the genome of an individual(1); the genome can be analysed to predict the likelihood of developing certain diseases(2); pharmacogenetics is the use of genome information in the choice of drugs(3); genomic differences are important in the effectiveness/choice/ dosage of drugs, so different treatments can be designed for an individual (4).
