Hormonal Control of Reproduction (2.2)

Question 1

What does the hypothalamus in the brain secrete?

Answer 1

A releaser hormone that targets the pituitary gland.

Question 2

What is a Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)?

Answer 2

Pituitary hormone that controls development of follicles in ovaries & sperm production in males.

Question 3

What is the role of FSH in sperm production?

Answer 3

Promotes sperm production in the seminiferous tubules.

Question 4

What is the role of the pituitary gland in sperm production?

Answer 4

Stimulating sperm production by the releaser hormone to produce FSH and ICSH.

Question 5

What is Interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)?

Answer 5

Hormone in pituitary gland that stimulates testosterone by the Interstitial cells.

Question 6

What can testosterone do if its levels increase?

Answer 6

Negative feedback can occur if levels of testosterone increase. This stops the release of FSH and ICSH from the pituitary glands and stops sperm production. If the levels go down, the effect is switched off.

Question 7

What is the role of oestrogen in the control of hormonal menstrual cycle?

Answer 7

Promotes the increase of the cells of the endometrium (inner lining of uterus); stimulates the secretion of Luteinising hormone (LH) by the pituitary.

Question 8

What is the role of FSH in the control of hormonal menstrual cycle?

Answer 8

Stimulates the development of a follicle and stimulates the ovary to release oestrogen.

Question 9

What is the function of Progesterone in the hormonal menstrual cycle?

Answer 9

Promotes further development of the endometrium; preparing it for implantation.

Question 10

What is the function of LH in the hormonal menstrual cycle?

Answer 10

Triggers ovulation; stimulates the development of the corpus luteum.

Question 11

What are the two phases in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 11

The Luteal phase; The Follicular phase.

Question 12

What phase occurs first?

Answer 12

The Follicular phase.

Question 13

What happens in the 1st steps of the follicular phase?

Answer 13

The pituitary gland in the brain releases FSH which stimulates the follicle to develop. The follicle/ovary then releases oestrogen.

Question 14

What happens if levels of oestrogen increase in the follicular phase?

Answer 14

If increased levels occur, negative feedback occurs. Oestrogen stops the release of FSH from the pituitary gland.

Question 15

When LH is released from the pituitary gland in the Follicular phase, what happens?

Answer 15

Ovulation.

Question 16

What happens in the 1st steps of the luteal phase?

Answer 16

After ovulation, high levels of LH stimulate the follicle to develop into Corpus Luteum, which releases progesterone and oestrogen.

Question 17

What happens if fertilisation does not take place?

Answer 17

Corpus Luteum degenerates; progesterone and oestrogen levels decrease; mensuration occurs; loss of the inner layer of the endometrium.

Question 18

What happens during negative feedback control on reproduction?

Answer 18

High levels of oestrogen and progesterone stop secretion of FSH and LH by the pituitary gland and stops follicles from developing.

Question 19

How long is the menstrual cycle approximately?

Answer 19

28 days.

Question 20

What is proliferation?

Answer 20

Cell division (adding cells)