Human Behavior And Productivity Flashcards
Characteristics affecting productivity in organizations
Personality
Potential
Needs
Motivation
Job satisfaction
Psychological contract
Productivity
The ratio of output to input
Decline of productivity in SA
Lack of co-operation between management and employees
Employees not made to feel part of the organisation
Concentration too much on efficency instead of seeking ways to become more effective
Technology leading to a preoccupation with numbers and figures, and not enough on skills training
Decrease in research and development spending which often plays a role in improving productivity
Criteria to determine success
Management should purposefully embark on participation management schemes
Employees should be given individual attention
Employees should work as teams
Legislation should be challenged
Governemt needs to address the population explosion
Continuous attention given to the development of the skills act
Apply measures to stop injuries and lost time
Reasons for career development
To ensure that the right people are available to meet staffing requirements
To handle diversity
To provide employees with realistic job expectations
Enterprises are realizing that some employees cannot realize their personal goals within the enterprise, and assist the individual to find alternative suitable employment
Reduced absenteeism
Less wastage
The aims of training relative to productivity
Improve performance
Update employees’ skills and knowledge
Solve organisational problems
Organisation development
The aim of improving organisational effectiveness by changing attitudes, perceptions and behaviors and expectations
Organisation development techniques
Sensitivity training
Attitude surveys
Process consultation
Team building
Intergrouo development
Transactional analysis
Behaviour modelling
Work study to improve productivity
The overall term referring to the scientific observation and analysis of all processes in the workplace involving people, materials, methods, equipment and machinery
Advantages of work study
Elimination of unproductive tasks
Decrease in number of mistakes made
Elimination of duplication of work
Effective utilisation of workers
Increase in overall efficiency
Cost saving
Objectives of method study
To study overall system
To identify delays
To identify transport distances
To identify processes and processing time requirements
To simplify the entire operation
To ass value to the product or service
Method study in practice
A process analysis where the main process is described
A working analysis where the actions are analyzed into steps
An action analysis where each step in the process is described in detail
Method study procedure
Step 1: Divide tasks into their logical parts
Step 2: collect all facts
Step 3: Critically evaluate the existing method
Step 4: Choose and develop an improved method
Step 5: Write a report
Step 6: implement the new method
Step 7: Maintain the new method
Objectives of work measurements
Help estimate cost of a product or service
Assist in the drawing up of a budget
Control production
Fix standard times for execution of tasks and processes
Eliminate duplication of work
Work measurement in practice
Direct time studies
Historical fime
Estinages
Standard time values
Analytical estimates
Activity lists
Work sampling
