HTMLE DAY 6 Flashcards
what is the most commonly used fixative?
aldehyde fixative
most widely used aldehyde fixative
10% formaldehyde solution
ALDEHYDE FIXATIVE FOR 10% FORMOL SALINE
CNS TISSUE
ALDEHYDE FIXATIVEBEST FIXATIVE FOR TISSUE CONTAINING IRON PIGMENT
10% BNF
BEST GENERA; TISSUE FIXATIVE PH
7
ALDEHYDE FIXATIVE TAHT IS PRESERVE PLASMA PROTEIN BETTER FOR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
GLUTARALDEHYDE
ALDEHYDE FIXATIVE USED FOR PRESERVATION OF LIPIDS
FORMOL-CALCIUM
MSOST COMMON METALLIC FIXATIVE MAY PRODUCE BLACK GRANULAR DEPOSITS ON TISSUE
MERCURIC CHLORIDE
METTALIC FIXATIVE FOR BONE MARROW
B-5 FIXATIVE
PRESERVE CHROMATIN TISSUE
CHROMATE
CHROMATE FIXATIVE USED FOR PRESERVATION OF CARBS AND PROTEIN
CHROMIC ACID
GENERALLY ACID MUCOPOLUSACCHARIDES IN WHARTON’S JELLY
LEAD FIXATVIE
WILL PRODUCE EXCESSIVE YELOW STAINING IN THE TISSUUE
PICRATE FIXATIVE
TRUE OR FALSE: PICRATE FIXATIVE MUST NEVER BE WASHED IN WATER BEFORE DEHYDRATION
TRUE
PICRIC FIXATIVE USED FOR FIXATION OF EMBRYOS CONTAING PICRIC ACID
BOUIN’S SOLUTION
FIXES NUCLEOPROTEIN BUT DESTROY MITOCHONDRIA AND GOLGI BODIES
GLACIAL ACETIC ACID
DISADVANTAGE OF THIS FIXATIVE: POLARIZATION- GLYCOPROTEIN GRANULES MOVE TOWARDS THE POLES R ENDS OF CELLS
ALCOHOL FIXATIVE
ALCOHOL FIXATIVEFOR BLOOD SMEAR AND BM TISSUE
METHANOL
ALCOHOL FIXATIVE FOR CYTOLOGY
ETHANOL
ALCOHOL FIXATIVE THAT IS MOST RAPID FIXATIVE FOR CHROMOSOMES
CARNOY’S FLUID
ALCOHOL FIXATIVE THAT IS USEFUL IN PRESERVING SPUTUM
GENDRE’S ALCOHOLIC FORMALIN
ALCOHOL FIXATIVE FOR BOTH NUCLEAR AND HISTOCHEMICAL FIXATIVE
NEWCOMER’S FLUUID
FOE ELECTRON MICROSCOPY THAT IS SHOULD NEVER KEPT IN A DARK COLORED, CHEMICALLY CLEAN BOTTLE TO PREVENT EVAPORATION
OSMIUM TETRAOXIDE FIXATIVE
OSMIUMM TETRAOXIDE FIXATVE THAT USED FOR NUCLEUS
FLEMMING’S SOL WITH GLACIAL ACETIC ACID
OSMIUMM TETRAOXIDE FIXATVE THAT USED FOR CYTPLASMIC DETAILS
FLEMING’S SOLUTION WITHOUT GLACIAL ACETIC ACID
USED FOR DX OF RABIES
ACETONE
HEAT FIXATION USED FOR BACTERIAL SMEAR
DIRECT FLAMING FIXATION
OTHER STAIN FOR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY THAT ISE BEST STAIN FO EM
URANYL ACETATE
OSMIUM TETROXIDE FIXATIIVES PROCDUCES BLACK PRECIPITATE HOW COULD YOU PREVENT IT?
ADD SATURATED ACQEOUS HGCL2
WHAT IS THE REMEDY FOR THE BLACK PRECIPITATE PRODCED BY THE OSMIUM TETRAOXIDE
DISSOLVE IN COLD WATER
RECOMMENDED RATIO FOR FLUID TO TISSUE FOR DECLACIFICATION
20:1
RECOMMENDED RATIO FOR FLUID TO TISSUE FOR DECLACIFICATION USING OSMIUM TETRAOXIDE
5-10:1
TRUE OR FALSE HEAT CAN HASTEN THE DELCACIFICATION BUT IT ALSO INCREASES THE DAMAGING EFFECT ON TISSUES
TRUE
AT WHAT TEMP DOES IMPAIRED NUCLEAR STAINING FOR VAN GIENSON STAIN FOR COLLAGEN FIBERS
AT 37C
AT WHAT TEMP DOES THE TISSUE WILL UNDERGO COMPLETE DIGESTION WITHIN 24-48 HRS
AT 55C
OPTIMUM TEMP FORR DECALCIFICATION
ROOM TEMP 18C-30
IDEAL TIME REQUIRED FOR DECALCIFICATION OF TISSUE ?
RO24-48 HRS
DENSE BONE TISSUE USUALLY REQUIRE UP TO ___ OR LONGER TO COMPLETE THE PROCESS OF DECALCIFICATION
14 DAYS
WHAT ARE THE 4 DECALCIFYING AGENT
ACIDS
CHELATING AGENT
ION EXHANGE RENSIN
ELECTRONIC IONIZATION
MOST COMMON CHELATING AGENT
EDTA
MOST COMMON ACID DECALCIFYING AGENT
NITRIC ACID
MOST RAPID DECALCIFYING AGENT
PHLOROGLUNIC NITRIC ACID
TYPE OF NITRIC ACID THAT IS BOTH FIXATIVE AND DECALCIFYING AGENT
FORMIC ACID
CONSIDERED TO BE THE BEST GENERAL DECLACIFYING AGENT
5% FORMIC ACID
RECOMMENDED FOR SMALL PIECES OF BONES AND TEETH
FORMIC ACID
TYPE OF ACID DECALCIFYING AGENT THAT IS RECOMMENDED FOR TEETH AND SMALL PICEDS OF BONE
VON EBNER’S FLUID
3 WAYS TO MEASURE EXTENT OF DECALCIFICATION
PHYSICAL. MECAHNICAL
XRAY OR RADIOLOGIC METHOD
CHEMICAL METHOD
USED FOR UNDULY HARD TISSUE THAT MAY DAAGE THE MICROTOME KNOVES
TISSUE SOFTNER
WHAT ARE THE EXAMPLE OF TISSUE SOFTENER
4% AQ PHENOL
MOLLIFLEX
2% HCL
1% HCL IN 70% ALCOHOL
PERENYI’S FLUID
REOVED THE DECAL AGENT USING LITHIU CARBONATE WASH WITH RUNNING WATER
POST DECAL
HOW MANY MINS OR HOURS IIT TAKES FOR SMALL BONE TO POST DECAL?
30 MINS
HOW MANY HOURS OR MINS DOES THE POST DECAL FOR LARGE BONE WIL TAKE UP?
1-4 HRS
AIM TO REMOVED THE FIXATIVE AND WATER FROM THE TISSUE AND REPLACING THEM WITH DEHYDRATING FLUID IN PREPARATION FOR IMPREGNATION
DEHYDRATION
ALL TEH ACQUEOUS TISSUE FLUID ARE REMOVED BUT WITH LITTLE DISRUPTION TO THE TISSUE DUE TO DIFFUSION CURRENTS
INCREASING STRENGTHS
DEHYDRATION AGENT USED FOR DELICATE SPX
30% ETOH
ASCENDING GRADE OF ALCHOL IN DEHYDRATION
65-70-75-85-95 ABSOLUTE ALCOHOL
COMMONLY USED DEHYDRATING AGENTS
ALCOHOL
ACETONE
DIOXANE
CELLOSOLVE
THF
TRIETHYL PHOSPHATE
DEHYDRATING AGENT BOTH FIXATIVE AND DEHYDRATING AGENT
ACETONE
DEHYDRATION AGENT
BOTH DEHYDRATING AND CLEARING AGENT
DIOXANE
BOTH DEHYDRATING AND CLEARING AGENT
THF
ADDITIVES USED FOR DEHYDRATING AGENTS
4% PHENOL +N 95% ETOH BATH
ANHYDROUS COPPER SULFATE
ALCOHOL
TYPE OF ALCOHOL THAT IS USED FOR ROUTINE DEHYDRATIOON OF TISSUE
ETHANOL
TYPE OF ALCHOL THAT IS “BEST DECALCIFYING AGENT”
ETHANOL
TYPE OF ALCOHOL THAT IS USED FOR BLOOD AND TISSUE FILMS
METHANOL
TYPE OF ALCOHOL THAT IS USED FOR ANIMAL ANG PLANTS MICRO TECHNIQUES
BUTYL ALCOHOL
TYPE OF ALCOHOL THAT IS USED FOR MICROWAVE PROCESSING
ISOPROPHYL ALCOHOL
INDICATION OF COMPLETE DEHYDRATION
ABH CUSO4 WHITE BLUE IF PRESENT OF WATER
XYLENE TURNED MILKY
WHAT IS THE GENERAL RULE IN DEHYDRATION
AMOUNT ON EACH STAGE SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN 10X THE VOLUME OF THE TISSUE