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HTMTLE > HTMLE DAY 6 > Flashcards

HTMLE DAY 6 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the most commonly used fixative?

A

aldehyde fixative

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2
Q

most widely used aldehyde fixative

A

10% formaldehyde solution

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3
Q

ALDEHYDE FIXATIVE FOR 10% FORMOL SALINE

A

CNS TISSUE

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4
Q

ALDEHYDE FIXATIVEBEST FIXATIVE FOR TISSUE CONTAINING IRON PIGMENT

A

10% BNF

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5
Q

BEST GENERA; TISSUE FIXATIVE PH

A

7

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6
Q

ALDEHYDE FIXATIVE TAHT IS PRESERVE PLASMA PROTEIN BETTER FOR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

A

GLUTARALDEHYDE

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7
Q

ALDEHYDE FIXATIVE USED FOR PRESERVATION OF LIPIDS

A

FORMOL-CALCIUM

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8
Q

MSOST COMMON METALLIC FIXATIVE MAY PRODUCE BLACK GRANULAR DEPOSITS ON TISSUE

A

MERCURIC CHLORIDE

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9
Q

METTALIC FIXATIVE FOR BONE MARROW

A

B-5 FIXATIVE

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10
Q

PRESERVE CHROMATIN TISSUE

A

CHROMATE

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11
Q

CHROMATE FIXATIVE USED FOR PRESERVATION OF CARBS AND PROTEIN

A

CHROMIC ACID

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12
Q

GENERALLY ACID MUCOPOLUSACCHARIDES IN WHARTON’S JELLY

A

LEAD FIXATVIE

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13
Q

WILL PRODUCE EXCESSIVE YELOW STAINING IN THE TISSUUE

A

PICRATE FIXATIVE

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14
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: PICRATE FIXATIVE MUST NEVER BE WASHED IN WATER BEFORE DEHYDRATION

A

TRUE

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15
Q

PICRIC FIXATIVE USED FOR FIXATION OF EMBRYOS CONTAING PICRIC ACID

A

BOUIN’S SOLUTION

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16
Q

FIXES NUCLEOPROTEIN BUT DESTROY MITOCHONDRIA AND GOLGI BODIES

A

GLACIAL ACETIC ACID

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17
Q

DISADVANTAGE OF THIS FIXATIVE: POLARIZATION- GLYCOPROTEIN GRANULES MOVE TOWARDS THE POLES R ENDS OF CELLS

A

ALCOHOL FIXATIVE

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18
Q

ALCOHOL FIXATIVEFOR BLOOD SMEAR AND BM TISSUE

A

METHANOL

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19
Q

ALCOHOL FIXATIVE FOR CYTOLOGY

A

ETHANOL

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20
Q

ALCOHOL FIXATIVE THAT IS MOST RAPID FIXATIVE FOR CHROMOSOMES

A

CARNOY’S FLUID

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21
Q

ALCOHOL FIXATIVE THAT IS USEFUL IN PRESERVING SPUTUM

A

GENDRE’S ALCOHOLIC FORMALIN

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22
Q

ALCOHOL FIXATIVE FOR BOTH NUCLEAR AND HISTOCHEMICAL FIXATIVE

A

NEWCOMER’S FLUUID

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23
Q

FOE ELECTRON MICROSCOPY THAT IS SHOULD NEVER KEPT IN A DARK COLORED, CHEMICALLY CLEAN BOTTLE TO PREVENT EVAPORATION

A

OSMIUM TETRAOXIDE FIXATIVE

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24
Q

OSMIUMM TETRAOXIDE FIXATVE THAT USED FOR NUCLEUS

A

FLEMMING’S SOL WITH GLACIAL ACETIC ACID

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25
Q

OSMIUMM TETRAOXIDE FIXATVE THAT USED FOR CYTPLASMIC DETAILS

A

FLEMING’S SOLUTION WITHOUT GLACIAL ACETIC ACID

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26
Q

USED FOR DX OF RABIES

A

ACETONE

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27
Q

HEAT FIXATION USED FOR BACTERIAL SMEAR

A

DIRECT FLAMING FIXATION

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28
Q

OTHER STAIN FOR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY THAT ISE BEST STAIN FO EM

A

URANYL ACETATE

29
Q

OSMIUM TETROXIDE FIXATIIVES PROCDUCES BLACK PRECIPITATE HOW COULD YOU PREVENT IT?

A

ADD SATURATED ACQEOUS HGCL2

30
Q

WHAT IS THE REMEDY FOR THE BLACK PRECIPITATE PRODCED BY THE OSMIUM TETRAOXIDE

A

DISSOLVE IN COLD WATER

31
Q

RECOMMENDED RATIO FOR FLUID TO TISSUE FOR DECLACIFICATION

A

20:1

32
Q

RECOMMENDED RATIO FOR FLUID TO TISSUE FOR DECLACIFICATION USING OSMIUM TETRAOXIDE

A

5-10:1

33
Q

TRUE OR FALSE HEAT CAN HASTEN THE DELCACIFICATION BUT IT ALSO INCREASES THE DAMAGING EFFECT ON TISSUES

A

TRUE

34
Q

AT WHAT TEMP DOES IMPAIRED NUCLEAR STAINING FOR VAN GIENSON STAIN FOR COLLAGEN FIBERS

A

AT 37C

35
Q

AT WHAT TEMP DOES THE TISSUE WILL UNDERGO COMPLETE DIGESTION WITHIN 24-48 HRS

A

AT 55C

36
Q

OPTIMUM TEMP FORR DECALCIFICATION

A

ROOM TEMP 18C-30

37
Q

IDEAL TIME REQUIRED FOR DECALCIFICATION OF TISSUE ?

A

RO24-48 HRS

38
Q

DENSE BONE TISSUE USUALLY REQUIRE UP TO ___ OR LONGER TO COMPLETE THE PROCESS OF DECALCIFICATION

A

14 DAYS

39
Q

WHAT ARE THE 4 DECALCIFYING AGENT

A

ACIDS
CHELATING AGENT
ION EXHANGE RENSIN
ELECTRONIC IONIZATION

40
Q

MOST COMMON CHELATING AGENT

A

EDTA

41
Q

MOST COMMON ACID DECALCIFYING AGENT

A

NITRIC ACID

42
Q

MOST RAPID DECALCIFYING AGENT

A

PHLOROGLUNIC NITRIC ACID

43
Q

TYPE OF NITRIC ACID THAT IS BOTH FIXATIVE AND DECALCIFYING AGENT

A

FORMIC ACID

44
Q

CONSIDERED TO BE THE BEST GENERAL DECLACIFYING AGENT

A

5% FORMIC ACID

45
Q

RECOMMENDED FOR SMALL PIECES OF BONES AND TEETH

A

FORMIC ACID

46
Q

TYPE OF ACID DECALCIFYING AGENT THAT IS RECOMMENDED FOR TEETH AND SMALL PICEDS OF BONE

A

VON EBNER’S FLUID

47
Q

3 WAYS TO MEASURE EXTENT OF DECALCIFICATION

A

PHYSICAL. MECAHNICAL
XRAY OR RADIOLOGIC METHOD
CHEMICAL METHOD

48
Q

USED FOR UNDULY HARD TISSUE THAT MAY DAAGE THE MICROTOME KNOVES

A

TISSUE SOFTNER

49
Q

WHAT ARE THE EXAMPLE OF TISSUE SOFTENER

A

4% AQ PHENOL
MOLLIFLEX
2% HCL
1% HCL IN 70% ALCOHOL
PERENYI’S FLUID

50
Q

REOVED THE DECAL AGENT USING LITHIU CARBONATE WASH WITH RUNNING WATER

A

POST DECAL

51
Q

HOW MANY MINS OR HOURS IIT TAKES FOR SMALL BONE TO POST DECAL?

A

30 MINS

52
Q

HOW MANY HOURS OR MINS DOES THE POST DECAL FOR LARGE BONE WIL TAKE UP?

A

1-4 HRS

53
Q

AIM TO REMOVED THE FIXATIVE AND WATER FROM THE TISSUE AND REPLACING THEM WITH DEHYDRATING FLUID IN PREPARATION FOR IMPREGNATION

A

DEHYDRATION

54
Q

ALL TEH ACQUEOUS TISSUE FLUID ARE REMOVED BUT WITH LITTLE DISRUPTION TO THE TISSUE DUE TO DIFFUSION CURRENTS

A

INCREASING STRENGTHS

55
Q

DEHYDRATION AGENT USED FOR DELICATE SPX

A

30% ETOH

56
Q

ASCENDING GRADE OF ALCHOL IN DEHYDRATION

A

65-70-75-85-95 ABSOLUTE ALCOHOL

57
Q

COMMONLY USED DEHYDRATING AGENTS

A

ALCOHOL
ACETONE
DIOXANE
CELLOSOLVE
THF
TRIETHYL PHOSPHATE

58
Q

DEHYDRATING AGENT BOTH FIXATIVE AND DEHYDRATING AGENT

A

ACETONE

59
Q

DEHYDRATION AGENT
BOTH DEHYDRATING AND CLEARING AGENT

A

DIOXANE

60
Q

BOTH DEHYDRATING AND CLEARING AGENT

A

THF

61
Q

ADDITIVES USED FOR DEHYDRATING AGENTS

A

4% PHENOL +N 95% ETOH BATH
ANHYDROUS COPPER SULFATE
ALCOHOL

62
Q

TYPE OF ALCOHOL THAT IS USED FOR ROUTINE DEHYDRATIOON OF TISSUE

A

ETHANOL

63
Q

TYPE OF ALCHOL THAT IS “BEST DECALCIFYING AGENT”

A

ETHANOL

64
Q

TYPE OF ALCOHOL THAT IS USED FOR BLOOD AND TISSUE FILMS

A

METHANOL

65
Q

TYPE OF ALCOHOL THAT IS USED FOR ANIMAL ANG PLANTS MICRO TECHNIQUES

A

BUTYL ALCOHOL

66
Q

TYPE OF ALCOHOL THAT IS USED FOR MICROWAVE PROCESSING

A

ISOPROPHYL ALCOHOL

67
Q

INDICATION OF COMPLETE DEHYDRATION

A

ABH CUSO4 WHITE BLUE IF PRESENT OF WATER
XYLENE TURNED MILKY

68
Q

WHAT IS THE GENERAL RULE IN DEHYDRATION

A

AMOUNT ON EACH STAGE SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN 10X THE VOLUME OF THE TISSUE

HTMTLE (7 decks)

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