How was independence realised in Africa in the 1960s and 1970s? (1)

Question 1

FROM THE LATE 1950s to the 1970s many parts of Africa which had been under ____ rule became independent nations.

Answer 1

colonial

Question 2

What were there high hopes about?

Answer 2

There were high hopes that they would become prosperous and be able to offer a better life for their citizens.

Question 3

Did all independent African nations adopt the same policies?

Answer 3

Not all independent African nations adopted the same policies. Some followed capitalist ideas; others adopted socialism. Some were multi-party democracies, others one-party states.

Question 4

How did the Cold War influence independent African nations?

Answer 4

In the Cold War era they were influenced by the competing ideologies and influences of the superpowers.

Question 5

Much was achieved, particularly in the _____ of the _____, cultural and political systems. However, there were also major challenges and problems.

Answer 5

Africanisation

administrative

Question 6

What was restricted during these years?

Answer 6

Africa’s political and economic independence during these years was severely restricted.

Question 7

What problem did the Congo face?

Answer 7

The Congo faced disunity and interference from outside powers at the time of independence. This led to an authoritarian state under Mobuto Sese Seko supported by the West as part of Cold War politics.

Question 8

What path did Tanzania follow?

Answer 8

Led by Julius Nyerere, Tanzania followed a path of African socialism. Although this gave political stability, it did not resolve the problem of Africa’s continued economic dependence on world markets.

Question 9

Angola was continuously at war from the time of its independence in 1975 until 1989 as a result of competing _____, ____ and ____ interests during the Cold War era.

Answer 9

Western, Soviet and Chinese