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A2 History Fact Attacks > How unified was Italy between 1861 and 1865? > Flashcards

How unified was Italy between 1861 and 1865? Flashcards

1
Q

How did Piedmont’s intervention in the South help/hinder unification?

A

Piedmont’s intervention forced the pace of unification, yet there were more divisions created than there were long term solutions.

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2
Q

What was wrong with the Judicial system introduced to the South of Italy?

A

It was liable to corruption by the mafia.

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3
Q

When does Cavour die?

A

June 1861

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4
Q

When was a civil law code introduced for the whole of Italy?

A

1865

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5
Q

What did Napoleon seek to achieve by staying in Rome?

A

Keep Catholics across Europe happy and onside.

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6
Q

When were the Venetian and Lombard railway systems combined?

A

1857

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7
Q

How many MPs did the tiny electorate elect?

A

443

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8
Q

What percentage of the population were Catholic?

A

90%

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9
Q

What promise could Piedmont not deliver on?

A

Garibaldi’s promises of land reforms.

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10
Q

What was the most significant factor?

A

Probably Brigands

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11
Q

How useful were elements of the papacy for Italian unity?

A

Not at all - Whilst the papacy had very little practical or military power it wielded huge influence and prevented mass support for unity and ensured that a foreign power reminded in Italy.

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12
Q

Give two examples of poor successors to Cavour

A

Farini and Rattazzi

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13
Q

What does Papal infallibility mean?

A

A decision that meant that the Pope’s decisions were indisputable

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14
Q

What was wrong with the Plebiscites?

A

The politically apathetic masses were often confused as to what they were voting for.

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15
Q

Why does Cavour die?

A

Malaria

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16
Q

What demonstrates that Piedmont does not understand Southern problems

A

Piedmont ruthlessly crushes problems in October 1860, demonstrating a lacks of understanding of southern problems.

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17
Q

Under which state’s guidance was the army and navy unified modernised?

A

Prussia

18
Q

When did Modena vote to be annexed to Piedmont?

A

August 1861

19
Q

Which state was the only state not to adopt the single legal code?

A

Tuscany

20
Q

Who did Rattazzi attack?

A

Garibaldininian forces attacking Rome in 1862

21
Q

What failed in 1864?

A

Attempts to take back Rome from French control

22
Q

In what state was unity already by 1861?

A

After the 1859 war the north was unified, which was then unified with the south by Garibaldi’s expedition in 1860, but Rome was still under Louis Napoleon’s occupation.

23
Q

What were standardised under Piedmontisation?

A

All customs, cash, weights and measures were standardised across the country — as, in theory, was the constitution.

24
Q

What does fractious cohabitation mean?

A

An uneasy relationship between church and state

25
Q

How did the Southern Question aid unity?

A

Opponents, such as the supports of the bourbons, were crushed so opposition to unity diminished.

26
Q

What was the size of the electorate?

A

Just two percent of the population.

27
Q

How was the education system unified?

A

Brought under state control

28
Q

What are the 7 possible factors?

A

1) Foreign powers/ geographical
2) Death of Cavour/Political weaknesses
3) The papacy
4) The Southern Question
5) Piedmontisaiton
6) Brigands
7) Economic and Social Problems

29
Q

When was a single Legal and Criminal system introduced across Italy?

A

1865

30
Q

When Rattazzi stop Garibaldi attacking Rome?

A

1862

31
Q

Why was Ratazzi sacked as Prime Minister?

A

He was seen as anti-Italian

32
Q

How didi Farini highlight the divisions amounts the government?

A

He attempted to stab king VEII

33
Q

What was the size of the electorate?

A

2%

34
Q

What was the percentage of Italians who were catholic?

A

90%

35
Q

What was factious cohabitation?

A

The uneasy relationship between church and state

36
Q

How did the Pope demonstrate divines through his syllabus of errors?

A

Rejected progressive reforms such as freedom of speech and brought education back under state control

37
Q

What was the debt of the north?

A

2.5 billion lire

38
Q

How many men fled to the hills after the 1861 conscription act?

A

25 000

39
Q

In 1864 how many Brigands were there?

A

82 000

40
Q

In 1864 how many troops were stationed to try to keep the peace with the Brigands/

A

90 000

41
Q

Who was the historian that talked of real and legal Italy?

A

Martin Clark

A2 History Fact Attacks (12 decks)

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