how respiration takes place Flashcards

1
Q

Breathing in is called….

A

inhalation or inspiration

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2
Q

The muscles of quiet (unforced) inhalation are

A

Diaphragm
External intercostal muscles

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3
Q

The diaphragm contracts and becomes flatter after receiving nerve impulses from

A

the phrenic nerves

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4
Q

Contraction of the diaphragm is responsible for about what percentage of the air that enters the lungs during quiet breathing?

A

75%

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5
Q

During breathing
Advanced pregnancy, obesity, confining clothing, or increased size of the stomach after eating a large meal can

A

impede descent of the diaphragm and may cause shortness of breath

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6
Q

This has what effect
Contraction and flattening causes lung volume to expand, thus pulling the ribs upward and outward

A

increases lung volume

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7
Q

Breathing out is called

A

exhalation or expiration

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8
Q

During _______ inhalations the Sternocleidomastoid muscles elevated the sternum, the scalene muscles elevate the two uppermost ribs, and pectoralis minor muscles elevate the third through fifth ribs, thus increasing lungs size.

A

deep, labored

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9
Q

The muscles of quiet (unforced) exhalation are

A

Diaphragm and external intercostal

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10
Q

The body uses these muscles during what?
a) Internal intercostal
b) External oblique
c) Internal oblique
d) Transverse abdominis
e) Rectus abdominis

A

forced exhalation

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11
Q

Lung expansion causes air molecules within the lungs to occupy a larger volume.
What does this do to the air pressure inside the lungs?

A

decrease

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12
Q

When when lung volume decreases what happens to alveolar pressure?

This related to air to entering or exiting the lungs?

A

-Increases
-Exiting

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13
Q

When lung volume increases what happens to alveolar pressure?

This related to air to entering or exiting the lungs?

A

-Decreases
-Entering

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14
Q

At rest just before inhalation, the air pressure inside the lungs is _______

A

the same as the atmosphere
760 mm Hg at sea level

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15
Q

As the diaphragm and external intercostal contract and the overall size of the thoracic cavity increases.

This causes the volume of the lungs to increase, but what happens to the alveolar pressure?

A

-Alveolar pressure decreases from 760 to 758 mm Hg

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16
Q

When the diaphragm and external intercostal relax, lung elastic recoil causes the lung volume to decrease.

What happens to alveoli pressure?

A

-Alveolar pressure RISES from 758 to 762 mmg HG

17
Q

normal quiet Inhiation is an active or passive process?

A

active

18
Q

normal quiet Exhalation is an active or passive process?

A

Passive