Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Med-Surg > Hospitalized Child & Scoliosis > Flashcards

Hospitalized Child & Scoliosis Flashcards

1
Q

What is scoliosis ?

A

complex spinal deformity usually involving a lateral curvature of the spine, spinal rotation, and thoracic hypokyphosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some risk factors for scoliosis ?

A
  • familial inheritance
  • age
  • sex
  • conditions like muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy, spina bidida
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What can scoliosis lead to ?

A
  • deformity
  • pain
  • alteration in mobility
  • respiratory compromise (can impact how much they expand their lungs)
  • altered body image
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are some sign & symptoms of scoliosis ?

A
  • difficulty fitting clothes
  • uneven shoulder blades
  • protruding scapula
  • protruding hip
  • unequal leg length
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the gold standard for idiopathic scoliosis diagnosis ?

A

x-ray imaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Is scoliosis screening meant to be diagnostic ?

A

it’s main purpose is to select children which high probability of occurrence of idiopathic scoliosis out of total population
- the # of kids positively screened should correspond to prevalence of idiopathic scoliosis in the population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some ways we screen for scoliosis ?

A
  • Observer from posterior: shoulder height, scapular or flank shape, and hip height and alignment
  • Adams test: forward bending position with the use of scoliometer which can be performed either in standing or in sitting position (controversial)
  • radiographs (gold standard)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the treatment for mild scoliosis ?

A

up to 25 degree curvature
- no treatment
- follow up every 4-6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the treatment for moderate scoliosis ?

A

between 25-45 degree curvature
- bracing & physical therapy exercises

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the treatment for severe scoliosis ?

A

angle greater then 45 degree curvature
- surgical intervention with spinal fusion and internal stabilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the purpose of wearing a brace with scoliosis ?

A

to keep the curve from progression (worsening) as the child grows
- may not correct the curve permanently, but it may prevent it from increasing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How long do you wear the brace for each day ?

A

23 hrs each day
- until the team determines that the pt has reached skeletal maturity
- then they can wear it at night only
- then the pt is slowly weaned from the brace when its deemed appropriate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Successful brace wearing requires pt to ?

A
  • wear for 23 hrs within 2-3 weeks of start of receiving brace
  • take care of skin on daily basis
  • wear an undershirt at all times under your brace (no side seem & girls wear bra under the undershirt)
  • shirt must fit well without wrinkles
  • apply brace properly
  • do exercise daily
  • gradually increase your brace wearing time daily until you reach goal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is some post-op care for scoliosis ?

A
  • IV fluids
  • log roll patient
  • physical therapy (active and passive ROM)
  • pain management
  • neurovascular checks of extremities
  • NG tube
  • foley catheter (will keep in until they are allowed to mobilize)
  • monitor for swelling and bleeding
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is some possible complications of post-op scoliosis ?

A
  • lowered self esteem (typically prior to interventions)
  • breathing difficulties (with spinal curvature)
  • spine or nerve damage
  • post-operative infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the ages of the different age groups ?

A
  • infant: birth - 1 yr
  • toddler: 1 yr - 3 yrs
  • preschool: 3 yrs - 6 yrs
  • school age: 6 yrs - 13 yrs
  • adolescent: 13 yrs - 18 yrs
17
Q

What are some common stress responses to hospitalization ?

A
  • fear of the unknown
  • separation anxiety
  • stranger anxiety
  • fear of pain or mutilation
  • loss of control
  • anger
  • guilt
  • regression
18
Q

What are some fears/stressors of a infant ?

A
  • about 6 months of age they are aware of absence of parents and become fearful of unfamiliar persons
  • used to having basic needs met by parents and could result in issues with attachment
  • can sense parents anxiety
  • separation anxiety (with older infant)
19
Q

What occurs in the protest phase ?

A
  • screaming, crying, inconsolable
  • clinging to parents, pleading for parents to stay
  • agitated, temper tantrums, refuse to comply with care
  • resists caregivers
20
Q

What occurs in the despair phase ?

A
  • child becomes inactive, withdrawn, lacks interest in environment, apathetic
  • sadness, depression
  • withdrawal or complaint behavior
  • crying when parents appear
21
Q

What occurs in the detachment phase ?

A
  • lack of protest when parents leave
  • increased interest in surroundings
  • interacts with strangers or familiar caregivers
  • forms new but superficial relationships
  • if parents reappear, child may ignore
  • resignation but not contentment
  • possible serious effects on attachment to parent after separation
22
Q

What is the role of a child life specialist ?

A
  • know the importance of play as the work of children and is critical in their development
  • teach positioning and comfort positions
  • parental involvement
23
Q

What are some fears/stressors for toddlers ?

A
  • separation anxiety: even start in older infants
  • loss of self control
  • fear of injury and pain
  • regressive behavior
  • issues can arise with disruption of routine and separation from parents
24
Q

What are some fears/stressors for preschoolers ?

A
  • regression (highest age risk)
  • separation anxiety and fear of abandonment: generally less than the toddler
  • inability to distinguish fact/fiction
  • unable to understand reason for hospitalization
  • loss of self-control
  • fear of dark
  • fear of bodily injury
25
Q

What age group has the highest risk for regression ?

A

preschoolers

26
Q

What age group has the highest risk for stranger anxiety ?

A

infant

27
Q

What are some fears/stressors for school-age children ?

A
  • loss of control
  • fear of pain
  • fear of bodily injury and death
  • loss of privacy
  • separation not as much of an issue as toddlers and preschoolers (may already experienced when starting school)
  • want to know reason for procedures (likes to be involved and make choices)
28
Q

What are some fear/stressors for adolescents ?

A
  • loss of control (give some control to avoid power struggle)
  • loss of privacy
  • concerned with appearance (fear of altered body image)
  • separation from peer group (more important than separation from family)
  • may act as though not afraid when they really are

Med-Surg (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions