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Hort 102 > Hort 102 Ch 2/3 Test > Flashcards

Hort 102 Ch 2/3 Test Flashcards

Study for Ch 2/3 Test Tried to add the type of questions--T/F, mult choice, short answer. Happy studying!

1
Q

Complete Fertilizer (mult choice)

A

Provides N, P, and K (p 60)

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2
Q

T/F Sulfur raises pH

A

F Sulfur lowers pH (Ch 3 handout)

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3
Q

T/F Organic matter lowers pH

A

T (p 57)

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4
Q

T/F Deciduous plants retain their leaves all year

A

F Evergreen plants keep their leaves all year (p 29)

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5
Q

Neutral pH (fill in blank)

A

pH 7.0 (p 56)

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6
Q

pH < 7.0 (fill in blank)

A

acidic (p 56)

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7
Q

Father of Taxonomy (fill in blank)

A

Carl von Linne (p 29)

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8
Q

T/F Perennials live for 2 yrs

A

F Biennials live for 2 years (p 30)

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9
Q

Fertilizer Analysis (mult choice)

A

Percentage by weight of nutrients in a fertilizer–minimum of 3 numbers that indicate the percentage of N-P-K (p 60)

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10
Q

Leaching (mult choice and fill in blank)

A

The passage of nutrient elements through the root region of the soil, not absorbed by the colloidal particles of the soil, making them unavailable to the plant (glossary and p 55)

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11
Q

Micronutrient (mult choice)

A

Elements required in VERY SMALL amounts for the plant to grow and develop normally (p 53)

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12
Q

Macronutrient (mult choice)

A

Elements required in LARGE amounts for the plant to grow and develop normally (p 53)

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13
Q

Variety (mult choice)

A

A classification of a plant that recognizes some characteristic distinguishing it from others of the same species (Ch 1 Vocab Handout)

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14
Q

Cultivar (mult choice)

A

(Ch 1 Vocab Handout) An intentionally cultivated variety whose continuance is due primarily to propagation by horticulturalists

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15
Q

Shrub (mult choice)

A

Same as tree except that they seldom get as tall and have multiple stems (p 29)

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16
Q

Single Flower (mult choice and short answer)

A

One flower per stem as in a tulip (p 40)

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17
Q

Hardy Plant (mult choice)

A

Will survive the winter temperatures of a locale (p 30)

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18
Q

Coluvial Soil (mult choice)

A

Have moved in response to gravity, as after a landslide or mudslide (p 49)

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19
Q

Mesocarp (mult choice and short answer)

A

Middle layer of the pericarp. It is easily recognized as the the fleshy part of the fruit on a drupe. (p 41)

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20
Q

Topsoil (mult choice)

A

Where the roots of green plants flourish, they rely on it for nutrients, support, water, and air. It is richest in organic matter, and shallowest in depth. (p 49)

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21
Q

Herbaceous (mult choice)

A

Lack bark, succulent

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22
Q

3 parts of a Drupe (short answer)

A

Exocarp
Mesocarp
Endocarp (p 42)

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23
Q

Parts of a Leaf (short answer)

A 
(See diagram 2-3, p 35)
blade (tip, margin, and base)
petiole
abscission layer
stem
axillary bud
secondary vein
midrib
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24
Q

3 types of Lobing short answer

A

tri-lobed (sassafras), palmately lobed (maple), pinnately lobed (oak) (p 38)

25
3 ways to Identify plants
1. Recognition--lifetime of association and familiarity 2. Species is recognized as belonging to a group, but exact species is not known 3. Methodical process through searching and elimination--dichotomous analytical key (Ch 2 handout)
26
T/F taxonomy
The systematic classification of plants (glossary)
27
Hypogynous Flower (short answer)
Superior ovary, which means that the ovary is attached to the stem above the place where the other flower parts are attached--ex lily (p 40)
28
Perigynous Flower (short answer)
Superior ovary, but the petals and sepal are fused to form a tube structure around, but separate, from the ovary--ex apple, rose (p 40)
29
Epigynous Flower (short answer)
Inferior ovary attached to the stem below the other flower parts, there is a floral tube but it is united with the wall of the ovary--ex iris, orchid (p 40)
30
T/F The ratio of air to water depends on the texture of the soil and how wet it is.
T Wet soil leaves less space for air. As much as 50% of the topsoil may be air and water. (p 49)
31
Perfect Soil
25% air 25% water, 45% minerals and 5% organic matter
32
Sand
coarse particles, high leaching, air present in greatest quantity, low in nutrients, and least chemically active (p 51)
33
Silt
Particles smaller than sand, greater surface area, holds more water, less air, low nutrient level, and not very active chemically (p 51)
34
Clay
Small, plate-like particles, greatest surface area, holds the most water, low air supply especially when wet, adhesive quality when moistened and squeezed, attracts water and ions, active chemically (colloidal quality) (p 51)
35
Neutral soil
Has an equal concentration of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions (p 56)
36
Composite Flower (short answer)
(p 40) Multiple small ray and disk flowers as in with the sunflower or marigold
37
Inflorescence (short answer)
(p 40) Clusters of small flowers arranged on an axis as with snapdragons or viburnums or bluebells
38
Simple Fruit (short answer)
(p 40) Develops from a single ovary--cherry, apple, grape
39
Aggregate Fruit (short answer)
(p 40) Develops from a single flower having a group of ovaries--raspberry, blackberry
40
Multiple Fruit (short answer)
(p 40) Develops from multiple ovaries of multiple flowers borne on a single stalk--pineapple, mulberry, fig
41
Accessory Fruit (short answer)
(p 40) Develops from one or more ovaries and includes the calyx and/or receptacle--strawberry, watermelon
42
Alluvial Soil
(p 49) Soil carried in water such as rivers--deposited in flood plains and deltas
43
Aeolian Soil
(p 49) Soil transported and deposited by winds
44
Glacial Till
(p 49) Soil deposited by glaciers
45
Perennials
Plants that live several years and where necessary survive the winter months in a dormant state. They do not die after flowering. (p 30)
46
Biennials
Lives 2 years. First year is in a vegetative state. After a period of winter temperatures necessary to initiate flower development the plant flowers during the second year then dies. (p 30)
47
Annuals
Plants that complete their life cycle from seed to fruit in one growing season (p 30)
48
High vs Low Analysis Fertilizer (fill in blank)
> 30% nutrients or <30% nutrient, remember to add all three numbers in the fertilizer analysis (p 60)
49
Dichotomous Analytical Key (fill in blank)
(p 34) Traces unknown plants using a series of couplets and the process of elimination
50
List Essential Elements (short answer)
(p 53) C Mg Mn Mo B Cu Zn H O P K N S Ni Cl Ca Fe
51
List Micronutrients (short answer)
(p 53) Mn Mo B Cu Zn Ni Cl Fe
52
List Macronutrients (short answer)
(p 53) C Mg H O P K N S Ca
53
List examples of organic Fertilizers
(Ch 3 Handout) Dried Blood, Animal Manure, Cocoa Meal, Dried Sewage, Bone Meal, Sludge, Fish emulsion
54
Explain relationshio between rhizobium and legume
(Ch 3 Handout) The rhizobium bacteria live in the legume roots and capture or fix nitrogen gas, making it available to the plant
55
High Analysis Fertilizer Qualities
``` (Table 3-4) Contains more nutrients--less filler Costs less per pound of nutrient Weighs less--less labor to handle Less material to provide nutrients per square foot Less time to apply nutrients ```
56
Low Analysis Fertilizer Qualities
``` (Table 3-4) Contains less nutrients--more filler Costs more per pound of actual nutrient Weighs more--more labor to handle More material to provide nutrients per square foot More time to apply nutrients ```
57
Use soil texture triangle to name soil texture of 60% sand, 30% silt, and 10% clay
(Figure 3-3, pg 52) Sandy Loam
58
Use soil texture triangle to name soil texture of 22% sand, 60% silt, and 18% clay
(Figure 3-3, pg 52) Silty Loam
59
Use soil texture triangle to name soil texture of 28% sand, 36% silt, and 36% clay
(Figure 3-3, pg 52) Clay Loam

Hort 102 (9 decks)

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