Horseman's terms

Question 1

Bog spavin

Answer 1

synovial distention of the tarsocrural joint

Question 2

Bone spavin

Answer 2

osteoarthritis of the distal intertarsal joint and/or tarsometatarsal joint.

Question 3

Buttress

Answer 3

pyramidal disease or extensor process disease, arises secondary to excessive strain on the extensor process of P3 resulting in periostitis in the region of the pyramidal process. There is often associated fracture of the process. As the disease progresses, lameness worsens and skin of the coronet becomes thickened and indurated. In addition, the wall of the hoof protrudes at the toe.

Question 4

Club Foot

Answer 4

“Club foot is a condition seen in horses secondary to contracture of the distal interphalangeal joint leading to steep hoof wall and shortened toe.
Result of deep digitial flexor contracture”

Question 5

How do you treat Club Foot?

Answer 5

desmotomy of the accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon (also known as inferior check ligament desmotomy). The accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon (inferior check ligament) runs from the palmar surface of the proximal metacarpus to the deep flexor tendon in the mid-metacarpal region.

Question 6

Gonitis

Answer 6

term indicating stifle arthritis that is nonspecific to the underlying cause

Question 7

High Ring Bone

Answer 7

“osteoarthritis of the proximal

interphalangeal (pastern) joint.”

Question 8

How do you treat High Ring Bone?

Answer 8

If severe- arthrodesis of the pastern joint

Question 9

keratoma

Answer 9

A keratoma is a mass of the inner wall of the hoof.

Question 10

osslets

Answer 10

inflammation of the periosteum on the dorsal distal epiphyseal surface of the third metacarpal bone and fetlock joint

Question 11

How do you treat osslets?

Answer 11

Cases of osselets that are caught before the development of osteoarthritis often respond completely to medical management consisting of rest, anti-inflammatories (such as phenylbutazone) and intra-articular injections of sodium hyaluronate or polysulfated glycosaminoglycans (Adequan).

Question 12

Quidding

Answer 12

Dropping food

Question 13

Quittor

Answer 13

Quittor is an infection of the alar cartilage of P3

Question 14

ruptured peroneus tertius

Answer 14

characterized by the ability to simultaneously extend the hock and flex the stifle.

Question 15

Sacroiliac luxation

Answer 15

Jumping horses are commonly affected. The short strided gait is consistent with but not specific for this condition. The raised croup differentiates sacroiliac luxation from some other options in this case.

Question 16

Scratches

Answer 16

Condition of chronic seborrheic dermatitis of the palmar/plantar aspect of the pastern. The condition is sometimes referred to by several other names including “grease heel”, “dermatitis verrucosa”, “dew poisoning” and “mud fever”. It is not specific to the underlying infectious cause but the condition is generally associated with horses kept in wet or muddy environments.

Question 17

How do you treat Scratches?

Answer 17

Treatment involves removing the horse from the wet environment, clipping the surrounding hair, and gently washing and cleaning the area with a disinfectant followed by careful drying. Topical ointments or astringent dressings may sometimes be used. The best prevention is to keep horses in a dry and clean environment and maintain good hygiene practices.

Question 18

Seedy toe

Answer 18

change in the character of the horn such that the inner surface is crumbly and there may be a cavity due to loss of substance.

Question 19

sheared heel

Answer 19

asymmetry of the heels that is acquired due to imbalance of the foot resulting in one side of the heel contacting the ground before the other. This creates a shearing force and results in asymmetrical growth.

Question 20

How do you treat sheared heel?

Answer 20

corrective trimming of the hoof and application of supportive bar shoes

Question 21

Side Bone

Answer 21

ossification of the alar cartilage of the coffin bone.

Question 22

Splints

Answer 22

periostitis of the interosseous ligament between the third and second metacarpal (or metatarsal) bone. T

Question 23

How do you treat splints?

Answer 23

rest and anti-inflammatory medications, although if the bony exostoses impinge on the suspensory ligament, surgical removal of the proliferative tissue may be indicated.

Question 24

Stringhalt

Answer 24

involuntary flexion of the hind limb and is usually bilateral

Question 25

How do you treat stringhalt?

Answer 25

treated with lateral digital extensor tenectomy

Question 26

Suspensory ligament desmitis

Answer 26

apical fracture of the proximal sesamoid bones, avulsion fractures of the palmar aspect of the third metacarpal bone, or fractures of the distal third of the small metacarpal bones in horses

Question 27

Sweeny

Answer 27

Atrophy of muscles, usually the shoulder from damage to the supraspinatus

Question 28

Sweet Itch

Answer 28

Culicoides hypersensitivity, also referred to as sweet itch, occurs due to allergy to the saliva of the gnat. It recurs seasonally in the warmer months and tends to worsen with age. Typically, horses are pruritic and develop lesions on the poll, mane, and tail from self trauma, although ventral midline dermatitis can occur as well. More chronically, scarring can occur. Treatment is to decrease exposure to the gnat and to treat with steroids.

Question 29

How do you treat sweet itch?

Answer 29

Decrease exposure and treat with steroids

Question 30

Throughpin

Answer 30

effusion of the tarsal sheath (sheath of the deep digital flexor).