Clostridium

Question 1

What is the etiologic agent of blackleg?

Answer 1

Clostridium chauvoei

Question 2

When does blackleg commonly occur?

Answer 2

Clostridium chauvoei occurs commonly after transport, handling, injection or rough activity

Question 3

CS of Clostridium chauvoei

Answer 3

Swelling with crepitus from gas bubbles, lameness, fever, FOUL SWEET ODOR(rancid butter)

Question 4

What predisposes an animal to Malignant edema?

Answer 4

OPEN wound from injury, castration, parturition, etc

Question 5

What is the chacteristic postmortem lesion for maligant edema?

Answer 5

Swelling without gas accumulation

Question 6

What are the other names for redwater disease?

Answer 6

Clostridium haemolyticum aka bacillary hemoglobinuria

Question 7

What parasite is often present and allows Clostridium haemolyticum to replicate?

Answer 7

Fasciola hepatica

Question 8

What are the CS of Clostridium haemolyticum?

Answer 8

hemoglobinuria due to red blood cell lysis; anemia, iciterus, fever

Question 9

What are some post mortem lesions due to redwater disease?

Answer 9

large necrotic area of the liver

Question 10

What are all Clostridiums treated with?

Answer 10

penicillin/vaccination

Question 11

What causes Infectious Necrotic Hepatitis?

Answer 11

Clostridum novyi type B aka Black disease

Question 12

CS of black disease? Post-mortem lesions

Answer 12

Clostridum novyi type B often does not have any clinical signs; post-mortem causes large areas of damaged tissue in liver- gray to black with foul smell

Question 13

What is the etiological agent of tetanus?

Answer 13

Clostridium tetani

Question 14

Who is the most suspectible to tetanus?

Answer 14

horses and pigs

Question 15

What are the most common ways to get tetanus?

Answer 15

widespread in soil; introduced through injuries such as puncture wounds, castration sites, banding, dehorning DOES NOT ACTIVELY INVADE OR CREATE LARGER WOUND

Question 16

CS of tetanus?

Answer 16

“sawhorse stance”, difficulty chewing food, lockjaw, stiff tail, prolapsed third eyelid, flared nostrils, sensitivity to noise

Question 17

What is the etiologic agent of botiulism?

Answer 17

Clostridium botulinum

Question 18

How is clostridium transmitted?

Answer 18

Usually introduced through contaminated feed with a dead animal

Question 19

What is shaker foal syndrome?

Answer 19

Foals are susceptible to the toxicoinfectious form of Clostridium botulinum where toxin forms in the GI tract

Question 20

CS of Botulism

Answer 20

muscle tremors and fasciculations with ascending paralysis

Question 21

What is the etiologic agent of Enterotoxemia?

Answer 21

Clostridium perfringens Type B, C and E

Question 22

When is entertoxemia usually seen?

Answer 22

calves, lambs, kids, piglets, or foals less than 7 days old

Question 23

What is a typical post-mortem lesion for enterotoxemia?

Answer 23

reddened sections of fluid-filled small intestines

Question 24

What is the etiologic agent of pulpy kidney disease?

Answer 24

Clostridum perfringens Type D aka overeating disease

Question 25

What are the clinical signs of Clostridium perfringens type D?

Answer 25

hyporexia, weakness, incoordination, diarrhea, glucosuria

Question 26

What does Clostridium perfringens type A cause?

Answer 26

Jejunal hemorrhage syndrome aka hemorrhagic bowel syndrome

Question 27

CS of Clostridium perfringens type A?

Answer 27

Sudden death, ileus, digested/clotted blood in feces; lambs can show icterus, weakness, and sudden death