Clostridium Flashcards
What is the etiologic agent of blackleg?
Clostridium chauvoei
When does blackleg commonly occur?
Clostridium chauvoei occurs commonly after transport, handling, injection or rough activity
CS of Clostridium chauvoei
Swelling with crepitus from gas bubbles, lameness, fever, FOUL SWEET ODOR(rancid butter)
What predisposes an animal to Malignant edema?
OPEN wound from injury, castration, parturition, etc
What is the chacteristic postmortem lesion for maligant edema?
Swelling without gas accumulation
What are the other names for redwater disease?
Clostridium haemolyticum aka bacillary hemoglobinuria
What parasite is often present and allows Clostridium haemolyticum to replicate?
Fasciola hepatica
What are the CS of Clostridium haemolyticum?
hemoglobinuria due to red blood cell lysis; anemia, iciterus, fever
What are some post mortem lesions due to redwater disease?
large necrotic area of the liver
What are all Clostridiums treated with?
penicillin/vaccination
What causes Infectious Necrotic Hepatitis?
Clostridum novyi type B aka Black disease
CS of black disease? Post-mortem lesions
Clostridum novyi type B often does not have any clinical signs; post-mortem causes large areas of damaged tissue in liver- gray to black with foul smell
What is the etiological agent of tetanus?
Clostridium tetani
Who is the most suspectible to tetanus?
horses and pigs
What are the most common ways to get tetanus?
widespread in soil; introduced through injuries such as puncture wounds, castration sites, banding, dehorning DOES NOT ACTIVELY INVADE OR CREATE LARGER WOUND
CS of tetanus?
“sawhorse stance”, difficulty chewing food, lockjaw, stiff tail, prolapsed third eyelid, flared nostrils, sensitivity to noise
What is the etiologic agent of botiulism?
Clostridium botulinum
How is clostridium transmitted?
Usually introduced through contaminated feed with a dead animal
What is shaker foal syndrome?
Foals are susceptible to the toxicoinfectious form of Clostridium botulinum where toxin forms in the GI tract
CS of Botulism
muscle tremors and fasciculations with ascending paralysis
What is the etiologic agent of Enterotoxemia?
Clostridium perfringens Type B, C and E
When is entertoxemia usually seen?
calves, lambs, kids, piglets, or foals less than 7 days old
What is a typical post-mortem lesion for enterotoxemia?
reddened sections of fluid-filled small intestines
What is the etiologic agent of pulpy kidney disease?
Clostridum perfringens Type D aka overeating disease
What are the clinical signs of Clostridium perfringens type D?
hyporexia, weakness, incoordination, diarrhea, glucosuria
What does Clostridium perfringens type A cause?
Jejunal hemorrhage syndrome aka hemorrhagic bowel syndrome
CS of Clostridium perfringens type A?
Sudden death, ileus, digested/clotted blood in feces; lambs can show icterus, weakness, and sudden death
