Hormones of the GI tract Flashcards
What are the actions, cell of origin, and location of origin of Glucagon?
Actions: Stimulate glycogenolysis by hepatocytes and raises blood sugar levels.
Cell: A cells
Location: Stomach and small intestine
What are the actions, cell of origin, and location of origin of Somatostatin?
Actions: Inhibits release of hormones by neuroendocrine cells in its vicinity
Cell: D cells
Location: Stomach, small and large intestines
What are the actions, cell of origin, and location of origin of Serotonin and Substance P?
Actions: Increases peristaltic movement
Cell: EC cells
Location: Stomach, small and large intestines
What are the actions, cell of origin, and location of origin of Histamine?
Actions: Increases HCl secretion
Cell: ECL cells
Location: Stomach
What are the actions, cell of origin, and location of origin of Gastrin?
Actions: Stimulates HCl secretion, Induces gastric motility (esp contraction of pyloric region and relaxation of pyloric sphincter to regulate stomach emptying), Proliferation of regenerative cells in the stomach
Cell: G cells
Location: Stomach
What are the actions, cell of origin, and location of origin of Cholecystokinin?
Actions: Stimulates the release of pancreatic enzymes and contraction of the gall bladder
Cell: I cells (cholecystokIIIIIInin)
Location: Small intestine
What are the actions, cell of origin, and location of origin of Gastric Inhibitory Peptide?
Actions: Inhibits secretion of HCl
Cell: K cells
Location: Small intestine
What are the actions, cell of origin, and location of origin of Motilin?
Actions: Increases intestinal motility
Cell: Mo cells
Location: Small intestine
What are the actions, cell of origin, and location of origin of Secretin?
Actions: Stimulates release of bicarbonate rich fluid from the pancreas
Cell: S cells
Location: Small intestine
What are the actions, cell of origin, and location of origin of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide?
Actions: Increases peristaltic action of small and large intestines, stimulates elimination of water and ions by GI tract
Cell: VIP cells
Location: Stomach, small and large intestines
