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Endocrine > Hormones and Receptors > Flashcards

Hormones and Receptors Flashcards

1
Q

Paracrine

A

Act on neighboring cells

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2
Q

Autocrine

A

Chemical acts on the same cell that secretes it

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3
Q

Tyrosine Derivatives

A

Epi, NE, Dopa, Thyroxine

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4
Q

Steroids

A

Testosterone, cortisol, estrogens, aldosterone, vitamin D, progesterone

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5
Q

Peptides

A

Oxytocin, vasopressin, Angiotensin, GRH, Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone

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6
Q

Proteins

A

Insulin, glucagon, GH, ACTH, prolactin, TSH

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7
Q

Peptide & protein synth

A

Synth as prehormone on ribosomes –> rER –> Golgi –> secreted by vesicular exocytosis

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8
Q

Steroid Synth

A

Cholesterol precursor. Immediately released to blood stream bcuz membrane permeable need carrier proteins = long half lives)

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9
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Interphase b/w brain & endocrine system.

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10
Q

Hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system

A

connects ant. pituitary and hypothalamus. Blood to median eminence (where hypothalamic hormones are released) through sup. hypophyseal art. –> cap bed –> 2nd cap bed in ant. lobe.

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11
Q

TRH

A 
Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone
Gq = Hydrolysis of membrane
phosphotidylinositol
Increase TSH
Up Prolactin
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12
Q

TSH

A

Glycoprotein hormone
 Important for metabolism/basal metabolic
rate

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13
Q

Prolactin

A

Polypeptide hormone that promotes mammogenesis, lactogenesis and galactopoesis
 Estrogen potentiates mammogenesis; progesterone inhibits lactogenesis and galactopoesis
Cytokine (JAK/STAT) Receptors

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14
Q

GnRH

A 
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone
Gonadotrophs
 Gq
Up LH
Up FSH (both glycoprotein)
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15
Q

CRH

A

Corticotropin Releasing Hormone
Gs
Up POMC
Up ACTH

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16
Q

POMC

A

Prohormone: cleavage of POMC can yield ACTH, beta-endorphine, and alpha-MSH

17
Q

ACTH

A

Cleaved from POMC
 Cortisol fxn: gluconeogenesis, breakdown
fat and proteinmost is bound to transcortin (10-15 % bound to albumine) burst before waking and decreases thru day

18
Q

GHRH

A

Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone
Somatotrophs
Gs
Up GH

19
Q

GH

A

Stimulated by: sleep, ghrelin/arginine, hypoglycemia
 Inhibited by: obesity, FFAs, chronic glucocorticoids, hyperglycemia
 Direct: Stimulates gluconeogenesis (diabetogenic), increase lipolysis, and increase protein synthesis/muscle mass
 Indirect: GH (with insulin) releases IGF

20
Q

Somatostatin

A

Somatotrophs
Gi
Down GH
Down TSH

21
Q

PIH/Dopamine

A

Prolactin Inhibiting Factor defaullt state to inhibit PL
Lactotrophs
 D2 Dopamine receptor (Gi
Down Prolactin

22
Q

ADH

A

Secreted in response to increase in plasma osmolarity or decrease in BP
Receptors: V1 (Gq) & V2 (Gs)

23
Q

Oxytocin

A

During childbirth
o During sexual intercourse
o In response to suckling by infant during
breastfeeding

Endocrine (14 decks)

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