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MCAT > hormones and enzymes > Flashcards

hormones and enzymes Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

thyroid hormone

A

source: thyroid action: stimulates metabolic activity

tyrosine derivative

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1
Q

pancreatic amylase

A

produced: pancreas function: small intestine action: hydrolyzes starch to maltose

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2
Q

epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

source: adrenal medulla action: increase blood glucose level and heart rate

also called catecholamines

tyrosine derivative

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3
Q

melatonin

A

source: pineal gland action: unknown in humans

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3
Q

sucrase

A

produced: intestinal glands function: small intestine action: hydrolyzes sucrose to glucose and fructose

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4
Q

glucocorticoids

A

source: adrenal cortex action: increase blood glucose level and decrease protein synthesis

steroid hormone

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5
Q

lactase

A

produced: intestinal glands function: small intestine action: hydrolyzes lactose to glucose and galactose

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6
Q

thyroid stimulating hormone TSH

A

source: anterior pituitary action: stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroid hormones

peptide hormone

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7
Q

glucagon

A

source: pancreas action: stimulates conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver; increases blood glucose

peptide hormone

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9
Q

maltase

A

produced: intestinal glands function: small intestine action: hydrolyzes maltose to 2 glucose molecules

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10
Q

somatostatin

A

source: pancreas action: suppresses secretion of glucagon and insulin

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10
Q

erythropoietin

A

source: kidney action: stimulates bone marrow to increase production of erythrocytes

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11
Q

prolactin

A

source: anterior pituitary action: stimulates milk production and

peptide hormone

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12
Q

follicle-stimulating hormone FSH

A

source: anterior pituitary action: Stimulates follicle maturation in females; spermatogenesis in males

peptide hormone

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13
Q

luteinizing hormone LH

A

source: anterior pituitary action:stimulates ovulation in females, testosterone synthesis in males

peptide hormone

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14
Q

dipeptidases

A

produced: intestinal glands function: small intestine action: hydrolyzes pairs of amino acids

15
Q

calcitonin

A

source: thyroid action: decreases the blood calcium level

16
Q

trypsin (secreted as trysinogen)

A

produced: pancreas function: small intestine action: hydrolyzes speciic peptide bonds, converts chymotrypsinogen to chymotrypsin

18
Q

chemotrypsin (secreted as chymotrysinoen)

A

produced: pancreas function: small intestine action: hydrolyzes specific peptide bonds

19
Q

mineralocorticoids

A

source: adrenal cortex action: (aldosterone) increases sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion, acts on the kidneys

steroid hormones

20
Q

oxytocin:

A

source: produced in hypothalamus; stored in posterior pituitary Action: stimulates uterine contractions during labor and milk secretion during lactation

peptide hormone

20
Q

pepsin (secreted as pepsinogen)

A

produced: gastric glands function: stomach action: hydrolyzes specific peptide bonds

22
Q

growth hormone

A

source: anterior pituitary action: stimulate bone and muscle growth

peptide hormone

24
Q

aminopeptidase

A

produced: intestinal glands function: small intestine action: hydrolyzes terminal peptide bond at amino end

25
Q

progesterone

A

source: overy/placenta action: promotes growth/ maintenance of endometrium

steroid hormone

26
Q

artrial natriuetic hormone

A

source: heart action: involved in osmoregulation

28
Q

bile (not an enzyme)

A

produced: liver function: small intestine action: emulsifies fat

29
Q

carboxypeptidase

A

produced: pancreas function: small intestine action: hydrolyzes terminal peptide bond at carboxyl end

30
Q

insulin

A

source: pancreas action: lowers blood glucose and increases storage of glycogen

peptide hormone

31
Q

testosterone

A

source: testis action: maintains male secondary sexual characteristics

steroid hormone

31
Q

lipase

A

produced: pancreas function: small intestine action: hydrolyzes lipids

32
Q

salivary amylase (ptyalin)

A

produced: salivary glands site of function: mouth action: hydrolyzes starch to maltose

33
Q

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

source: anterior pituitary action: stimulates the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete glucocorticoids (stress hormones)

peptide hormone

34
Q

thymosin

A

source: thymus action: stimulates t-lymphocyte development

35
Q

vasopressin (ADH)

A

source: produced in hypothalamus; stored in posterior pituitary action: stimulates water reabsorbtion in kidneys

peptide hormone

36
Q

estrogen

A

source: ovary/placenta action: maintains female secondary sexual characteristics

steroid hormone

37
Q

parathyroid hormone

A

source: parathyroid action: increases blood calcium level

peptide hormone

38
Q

enterokinase

A

produced: intestinal glands function: small intestine action: converts trypsinogen to trypsin

MCAT (17 decks)

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