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MCAT Biology > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

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1
Q

Thymosin

A

Source: Thymus
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates T - cell development

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2
Q

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

A

Source: Heart (atria)
Type: Peptide
Action: Promotes salt and water excretion

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3
Q

Erythropoitein

A

Source: Kidney
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates bone marrow to produce erythocytes

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4
Q

Melatonin

A

Source: Pineal Gland
Type: Peptide
Action: Involved in circadian rhythms

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5
Q

Progesterone

A

Source: Ovary (and placenta)
Type: Steroid
Action: Promotes the maintenance of the endometrium

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6
Q

Estrogen

A

Source: Ovary (and placenta)
Type: Steroid
Action: Develops and maintains female reproductive system and female secondary sex characteristics

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7
Q

Testosterone

A

Source: Testis (and adrenal cortex)
Type: Steroid
Action: Develops and maintains male reproductive system and male secondary sex characteristics

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8
Q

Somatostain

A

Source: Pancreas (delta cells)
Type: Peptide
Action: Suppresses secretion of glycogen and insulin

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9
Q

Insulin

A

Source: Pancreas (beta cells)
Type: Peptide
Action: Lowers blood glucose concentrations and increases anabolic processes

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10
Q

Glucagon

A

Source: Pancreas (alpha cells)
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates glucogen breakdown (glycogenolyusis); increases blood glucose concentrations

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11
Q

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

A

Source: Adrenal Medulla
Type: Amino Acid derivative
Action: Increase blood glucose concentration and heart rate; dilate bronchial; alter blood flow patterns

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12
Q

Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)

A

Source: Adrenal Cortex
Type: Steroid
Action: Increase water reabsorption in the kidneys by increasing sodium reabsorption; promote potassium and hydrogen ion excretion

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13
Q

Glucocorticoids (cortisol and cortisone(

A

Source: Adrenal Cortex
Type: Steroid
Action: Increase blood glucose concentrations decrease protein synthesis; anti inflammatory

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14
Q

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

A

Source: Parathyroids
Type: Peptide
Action: Increase blood calcium concentrations

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15
Q

Calcitonin

A

Source: Thyroid (parafollicular or C cells)
Type: Peptide
Action: Decrease blood calcium concentrations

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16
Q

Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4)

A

Source: Thyroid (follicular cells)
Type: Amino Acid derivative
Action: Stimulate metabolic activity

17
Q

Oxytocin

A

Source: Hypothalamus (released by posterior pituitary)
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates uterine contractions during labor and milk secretion during lactation may promote bonding behavior

18
Q

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH; vasopressin(

A

Source: Hypothalamus (released by posterior pituitary)
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates water reabsorption kidneys by increasing permeability in collecting duct

19
Q

Growth Hormone

A

Source: Anterior Pituitary
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates bone and muscle growth; raises blood glucose levels

20
Q

Endorphins

A

Source: Anterior Pituitary
Type: Peptide
Action: Decreases sensation of pain can promote euphoria

21
Q

Prolactin

A

Source: Anterior Pituitary
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates milk production and secretion

22
Q

Thyroid - stimulating Hormone (TSH)

A

Source: Anterior Pituitary
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroid hormones

23
Q

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

Source: Anterior Pituitary
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete glucocorticoids

24
Q

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

Source: Anterior Pituitary
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates ovulation in females; testosterone synthesis in males

25
Q

Follicle - stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

Source: Anterior Pituitary
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates follicle maturation in females; spermatogenesis in males

MCAT Biology (15 decks)

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