Hormones Flashcards
Thymosin
Source: Thymus
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates T - cell development
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
Source: Heart (atria)
Type: Peptide
Action: Promotes salt and water excretion
Erythropoitein
Source: Kidney
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates bone marrow to produce erythocytes
Melatonin
Source: Pineal Gland
Type: Peptide
Action: Involved in circadian rhythms
Progesterone
Source: Ovary (and placenta)
Type: Steroid
Action: Promotes the maintenance of the endometrium
Estrogen
Source: Ovary (and placenta)
Type: Steroid
Action: Develops and maintains female reproductive system and female secondary sex characteristics
Testosterone
Source: Testis (and adrenal cortex)
Type: Steroid
Action: Develops and maintains male reproductive system and male secondary sex characteristics
Somatostain
Source: Pancreas (delta cells)
Type: Peptide
Action: Suppresses secretion of glycogen and insulin
Insulin
Source: Pancreas (beta cells)
Type: Peptide
Action: Lowers blood glucose concentrations and increases anabolic processes
Glucagon
Source: Pancreas (alpha cells)
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates glucogen breakdown (glycogenolyusis); increases blood glucose concentrations
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
Source: Adrenal Medulla
Type: Amino Acid derivative
Action: Increase blood glucose concentration and heart rate; dilate bronchial; alter blood flow patterns
Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)
Source: Adrenal Cortex
Type: Steroid
Action: Increase water reabsorption in the kidneys by increasing sodium reabsorption; promote potassium and hydrogen ion excretion
Glucocorticoids (cortisol and cortisone(
Source: Adrenal Cortex
Type: Steroid
Action: Increase blood glucose concentrations decrease protein synthesis; anti inflammatory
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
Source: Parathyroids
Type: Peptide
Action: Increase blood calcium concentrations
Calcitonin
Source: Thyroid (parafollicular or C cells)
Type: Peptide
Action: Decrease blood calcium concentrations
Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4)
Source: Thyroid (follicular cells)
Type: Amino Acid derivative
Action: Stimulate metabolic activity
Oxytocin
Source: Hypothalamus (released by posterior pituitary)
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates uterine contractions during labor and milk secretion during lactation may promote bonding behavior
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH; vasopressin(
Source: Hypothalamus (released by posterior pituitary)
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates water reabsorption kidneys by increasing permeability in collecting duct
Growth Hormone
Source: Anterior Pituitary
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates bone and muscle growth; raises blood glucose levels
Endorphins
Source: Anterior Pituitary
Type: Peptide
Action: Decreases sensation of pain can promote euphoria
Prolactin
Source: Anterior Pituitary
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates milk production and secretion
Thyroid - stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Source: Anterior Pituitary
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroid hormones
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Source: Anterior Pituitary
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete glucocorticoids
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Source: Anterior Pituitary
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates ovulation in females; testosterone synthesis in males
Follicle - stimulating hormone (FSH)
Source: Anterior Pituitary
Type: Peptide
Action: Stimulates follicle maturation in females; spermatogenesis in males
