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Biology🦋 > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does the endocrine system contain

A

Endocrine glands

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2
Q

What are hormones

A

Chemical molecules released into the blood
Control things that need constant adjustment
Have a long- lasting effect

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3
Q

What is the pituitary gland

A

Regulates body conditions, also acts on other glands

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4
Q

What is the thyroid gland

A

Produces thyroxine, regulating rate if metabolism, heart rate, temp

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5
Q

Adrenal gland

A

Produces adrenaline, ready for a body response

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6
Q

Ovaries

A

Producse oestrogen, involved in menstrual cycle

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7
Q

What is the pancreas

A

Producses insulin, used to regulate the blood glucose lvl

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8
Q

What are the testes

A

Produce testosterone, controls puberty and sperm production

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9
Q

Difference between nerves and hormones

A

Nerves are much shorter and faster and aimed in a specific area, hormones are the opposite

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10
Q

What hormones are involved in controlling blood glucose lvl

A

Insulin and glucagon

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11
Q

What is added if blood glucose lvl is too high

A

Insulin, turns gkucose into glycogen

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12
Q

What is added if blood glucose lvl is too low

A

Glucagon is added, turns glycogen into glucose

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13
Q

Where is excess glucose stored

A

Stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles

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14
Q

What part of the body produces hormones

A

Pancreas

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15
Q

What is tyoe 1 diabetes

A

Pancreas produced little to no insulin

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16
Q

What is type two diabetes

A

Someone is resistant to their own insulin

17
Q

Female reproductive hormone?

A

Oestrogen

18
Q

Male reproductive hirmone?

A

Testosterone

19
Q

What 4 hormones control the menstrual cycle?

A

FSH, Oestrogen, LH, Progesterone

20
Q

What is FSH?

A

-produced in pituitary gland
-causes eggs to mature
-stimulates ovaries to produce oestrogen

21
Q

What is Oestrogen?

A

-produced in ovaries
-lining of uterus grows
-stimukates the release of LH

22
Q

What is LH?

A

-in the pituitary gland
-stimulates the release of an egg at day 14

23
Q

What is progesterone?

A

-produced in ovaries
-maintains the lining of the uterus

24
Q

Types of contraception

A

-contraceptive patch(contains P and O)
-contraceptive implant( only P)
-contraceptive injection (only P)
-pill( contains P and O)

25
Q

Contraceptive methods that act as barriers?

A

Condoms, diaphragm, spermicide

26
Q

What can increase fertility?

A

-FSH and LH stimulate ovulation if levels are too low
-IVF

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