Hormonal control of urine production, mitruition, ejaculation and erection Flashcards
norepinephrine effect in kidney
Vasoconstricts all the major vascular bed
Vasopressin effect
Acts directly on vessel thorugh V1
angiotensis II effect on renal vessels
Potent vasoconstrictor
More pronounced constrictive effect on the efferent than the afferent arteriole
What stimulates and inhibits ET-1 release
ET-1 release stimulated by angiotensin II, ADH, thrombin, cytokines, reactive oxygen species and shearing forces acting on the vascular endothelium
ET-1 release is inhibited by nitric oxide, prostacyclin and atrial natriuretic peptide
What is the purpose of ET (A)
Vasoconstrictive receptor
What is the purpose of ET (A)
Vasoconstrictive receptor
What is the function of ET (B)
Receptor
Vasodilation by release f NO
Vasoconstriction of smooth muscle
What is atrial natriuretic peptide
Vasoactive hormone synthesised primarily by the atria
Primary action on kidney are increased GFR and natriuresis
ANP increases natriuresis mainly through inhibition of sodium reabsorption in the medullary collecting duct
How is nitric oxide synthesised
From reaction between arginine, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate and oxygen
Catalysed by nitric oxide synthase
Function of NO
NO diffuses to vascular smooth muscle cells where it activates soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), producing 3′,5′-cyclic guanosine monophosphate
cGMP activates both cGMP- and 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinases (PKG and PKA, respectively) leading to smooth muscle relaxation
eNOS blockade increases renal vascular resistance and decreases the glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient
What is the functio of CO
Increased CO production produces vasodilation in the kidney and can counteract catecholamine induced vasoconstriction
Co also regulates sodium transport in loop of Henle
Reno-protection form oxidant injury
